Physospeumum.] UMBELLIFERjF. 167 



Europe, W. Asia ; species 2 or 3. — Etym. cpvo-a and (nrepfxa, from the 



bladdery fruits. 



P. cornubien'se, DC. ; branches panicled, umbels long-peduncled. 

 Thickets, S. Devon and Cornwall ; fl. July-Aug. — Glabrous except the puberu- 

 lous margins and ribs of the leaf. Stem 1-2 ft., erect, striate. Radical leaves 

 long-petioled, flat, 2-3-ternate ; segments |~| in., deeply laciniate, long 

 petioled. Umbel-rays 10-20, 1-3 in., suberect, furrowed. — Regarded by 

 Nyman and others as a sab-species of the S. European and Oriental P. 

 aquileyifolium, Koch. — Distkib. S. of France and Spain eastward. 



5. CONI'UM, L. Hemlock. 



Tall, glabrous, biennial herbs. Leaves pinnately compound. Umbels 

 compound, many-rayed ; bracts and bracteoles many, small ; flowers white, 

 polygamous. Calyx-teeth 0. Petals obtuse, or the tip shortly inflexed. 

 Disk depressed. Fruit broadly ovoid, laterally compressed ; commissure 

 constricted, carpophore undivided ; carpels 5-angled, primary ridges pro- 

 minent obtuse, lateral distinct ; vittse many, slender, irregular ; styles 

 short, reflexed. Seed deeply grooved ventrally. — Distiub. Europe, Asia, 

 N. Africa ; species 2. — Etym. The old Greek name. 



C. macula'tum, L. ; stem spotted, leaf-segments pinnatifid. 

 Banks, roadsides, &c, from Oikney southd. ; ascends to near 1,000 ft. in York- 

 shire ; Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. June-July. — Foetid. Stem 2-5 ft., 

 stout, leafy, furrowed, purple-spotted, paniculately branched above. Leaves 

 large, deltoid, finely 2-pinnate ; segments \ in., ovate oblong or deltoid, 

 flaccid, lower petioled, ultimate serrate. Umbels terminal and axillary, 

 shortly peduncled ; bracts reflexed, short, unilateral ; rays 10-20, |-1 in. ; 

 first open flowers small male, later larger female. Fruit £ in., greenish- 

 brown. — DisTitiB. Europe, N. Africa, N. and W. Asia; introd. in N. 

 America. 



6. SMYRN'IUM, L. ALEXANDERS. 



Stout, erect, glabrous, biennial or perennial herbs. Radical leaves 

 3-nately compound, segments broad. Umbels compound ; bracts and 

 bracteoles few or ; flowers yellow, polygamous. Calyx-teeth minute or 0. 

 Petals with a short inflexed point. Disk-lobes conical or depressed. Fruit 

 ovoid, laterally compressed or didymous ; commissure much constricted, 

 carpophore 2-partite ; carpels subterete or angular, with 3 prominent ribs ; 

 vittse many ; styles short, recurved. Seed deeply grooved ventrally. 

 — Distiub. Europe, W. Asia, N. Africa ; species .6 or 7. — Etym. The old 

 Greek name. 



S. Olusa'trum, L. ; cauline leaves petioled 3-foliolate serrate. 

 Waste places, especially near the sea and amongst ruins, from Aberdeen and 

 the Clyde southd. ; Ireland ; Channel Islands ; a doubtful native ; fl. April- 

 June. — Shiniug. Root stout, biennial. Stem 1-3 ft., solid, furrowed, panicled, 

 branches often opposite. Petioles large, sheathing, margins hairy. Leajlets 

 H-2 in., broadly obovate or ovate, obtusely serrate or lobed. Umbels lateral 



