184 UMBELLIFFEJE. [Heracleum. 



H. Sphondyl 'ium, L. ; leaves pinnate, leaflets few large lobed. 

 Moist woods and meadows, N. to Shetland; ascends to 2,700 ft. in the 

 Highlands; Ireland; Channel Islands; fl. June-Aug. — Rough, hairs spread- 

 ing, close or scattered. Stem very stout, 3-6 ft., fistular, grooved, branched 

 above. Leaves 1-3 ft. ; segments 2-6 in., variable in size lobing and toothing, 

 sometimes narrow and pinnatifid (H. angustifolium, Sm.), terminal confluent ; 

 sheath of petiole broad. Umbel-rays 5-I5 in., many, stout ; flowers large, 

 outer very irregular ; petals very broad deeply obcordate, white or pink. 

 Fruit 5-^ in., orbicular or obovoid, refuse ; styles short. — Distrib. Europe, 

 N. Africa, N. Asia. — Stem eatable. 



33. TORDYL'IUM, L. 



Annual, hairy or woolly herbs. Leaves simple or pinnate. Umbels 

 compound ; rays many, or few and unequal ; bracts and bracteoles linear, 

 small or ; flowers white or purplish, outer often rayed. Calyx-teeth 

 subulate and unequal or 0. Petals with an incurved point, the larger or 

 all 2-lobed. Disk flat and undulate, or coni«-al. Fruit orbicular or oblong, 

 much dorsally compressed ; lateral primary ridges appressed, broad, 

 thickened, dorsal and intermediate slender ; vittae 1-3 in each furrow. 

 Seed flattened. — Distrib. Europe, N. Africa, temp. Asia; species 12. — 

 Etym. The old Greek name. 



T. max'imum, L, ; leaves pinnate, leaflets 1-3 pair pinnatifid. 

 Hed^e-banks, Essex, Middlesex, Oxford, and Bucks; (an alien or denizen, 

 Wats.) ; fl. June to July. — Hispid with short hairs, reflexed on the stem. 

 Stem 1-2 ft., slender, erect, deeply grooved, fistular. Leaflets J-l in., oblong 

 or lanceolate, more or less cut and toothed ; petiole with a small sheath. 

 Umbels small ; rays 6-8, stout, short, hispid ; bracts and bracteoles as many, 

 stiff, short. Flowers small, white or pink, subsessile. Fruit broadly-oblong, 

 hispid, thickened margin glabrous; styles short, stiff, erect. — Distrib. 

 From Belgium southd. 



34. DAU'CUS, L. Carrot. 



Annual or biennial, hispid herbs. Leaves pinnately decompound, seg- 

 ments small. Umbels compound ; rays many, outer arching over the 

 inner, or few and irregular ; bracts and bracteoles many or 0, entire or cut ; 

 flowers white, outer often rayed. Calyx-teeth slender or 0. Petals notched, 

 point inflexed, often unequal. Disk-lobes depressed or conical. Fruit 

 ovoid or oblong, carpophore undivided or 2-fid ; carpels convex, secondary 

 ridges more prominent than the primary, all, or the secondary only, with 

 rows of spines ; vittoe solitary under each secondary ridge. Seed flattish 

 ventrally. — Distrib. Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia ; species 20. — Etym. 

 The old Greek name. 



D. Caro'ta, L. ; leaves 3-pinnate, leaflets ovate cut. 

 Fields, road-sides, and sea-shores; fl. Juue-Aug. — Hispid. Stem 1-2 ft., 

 branched, solid, furrowed. Leaflets very many, small. Umbels peduncled, 

 rays 1-2 in.; bracts usually pinnatifid; bracteoles lanceolate. Fl<< 



