Viburnum.] CAPRIFOLIACEJE. 189 



on the pedicel, 1-2-bracteolate ; outer sometimes male or neuter, with larger 

 petals. Calyx-tube turbinate or ovoid ; limb 5-toothed. Corolla rotate, 

 tubular or campanulate, 5-lobed. Stamens 5. Disk 0. Ovary 1-3-celled ; 

 style conical, 3-fid, or stigmas 3 sessile ; ovules 1 in each cell, pendulous. 

 Drupe dry or fleshy, terete or compressed, 1- or 3-celled, 1-seeded. Seeds 

 compressed ; embryo minute. — Distejb. Temp, and subtrop. regions of 

 the N. hemisphere, Andes. — Etym. unknown. 



1. V. Lanta'na, L. ; scurfily pubescent, leaves broadly oblong-cordate 

 serrulate exstipulate, flowers all perfect. Wayfaring tree. 



Dry copses and hedges, from York southd. ; naturalized elsewhere ; Channel 

 Islands ; fl. May-June. — Shrubby, 6-20 ft. ; pubescence stellate. Leaves 

 2-4 in., rugose, obtuse. Cymes flat-topped, rays stout. Flowers | in. diam., 

 white, 2-bracteolate. Corolla shortly funnel-shaped. Stamens shortly 

 exserted. Drupe flattened, § in., black. Seeds grooved ventrally. — Distrib. 

 From Belgium southd., 1ST. and W. Asia, N. Africa. — Bark acrid. 



2. V. Op'ulus, L. ; subglabrous, leaves 3-lobed stipulate, outer flowers 

 larger neuter. Guelder-rose. 



Copses and hedges, from Caithness southd. ; rare in Scotland ; Ireland ; 

 Channel Islands ; fl. June-July. — Shrubby, 6-8 ft., buds scaly ; branches 

 slender, lenticellate. Leaves 2-3 in., young downy ; lobes unequal, serrate ; 

 stipules linear, glandular, adnate to the petiole. Cymes 2-4 in. diam., sub- 

 globose. Flowers honeyed, homogamous, outer corollas f iu. diam., white, 

 rotate ; inner J in. diam., cream-white, campanulate. Drupe f in., sub- 

 globose, red, translucent. Seeds compressed, keeled on the faces. — Distrib. 

 Europe, N. and W. Asia, N. America. 



2. SAMBU'CUS, L. Elder. 



Large herbs, shrubs, or trees ; branches stout, pith thick. Leaves pin- 

 nate. Flowers small, in umbellate corymbs or panicles, jointed on the 

 pedicel, bracteolate. Calyx-limb 3-5 -toothed. Corolla rotate or campa- 

 nulate, 3-5-partite. Stamens 5. Disk convex. Ovary 3-5-celled ; style 

 short, 3-5-partite, or stigmas 3-5 sessile ; ovules 1 in each cell, pendu- 

 lous. Drupe with 3-5 cartilaginous cells. Seeds compressed ; embryo 

 long. — Distrib. All temp, regions (S. Africa excepted) and trop. 

 mountains ; species 10-12. — Etym. aa^fivKti, being formerly used for 

 musical instruments. 



1, S. Eb'ulus, L. ; herbaceous, stipules leafy serrate, cymes 3-rayed 

 corymbose compact. Dwarf Elder, Dane-wort. 



Waste places, local, from Caithness southd.; Ireland; Channel Islands; (a 

 denizen, Wats.) ; fl. July-Aug— Glabrous. Rootstock creeping. Stems 2-4 

 ft., many, stout, ribbed and grooved. Leaflets 4-6 in., 4-6 pair, oblong- 

 lanceolate, serrate. Cyme 3-4 in. diam. Corolla broadly campanulate, 

 white tipped with pink. Filaments crumpled. Berry small, globose, black. 

 —Distrib. Europe, W. Asia, Himalaya, N. Africa. — Plant foetid, emetic, 

 and purgative. Supposed to have been introduced by the Danes. 



2. S. nigra, L. ; a tree, stipules small or 0, cymes 5-rayed. Elder. 



