212 COMPOSITE. [Anthem is. 



A. an'glica, Spr. (A. maritima. Sm. not L.), r is a maritime form, formerly found 

 in Durham, with leaves fleshy pinnatifid, pinnules deeply serrate, and 

 receptacle flat. 



2. A. Cot'ula, L. ; annual, erect, scales of receptacle setaceous shorter 

 than the flattened disk-fl., ray-fl. usually neuter white. Stinking May- 



Cultivated fields, from Dumbarton and Fife southd. ; rare in the N. ; Ireland : 

 Channel Islands; (a colonist, Wats.)-, fl. June-Sept.— Glabrous or hairy, 

 foetid. Stem 8-18 in., corymbosely branched. Leaves glandular-dotted, 

 segments very narrow. Heads as in A. arven'sis, but peduncles more slender 

 and invol. bracts narrower at the tip. Fruit faintly ribbed, more strongly 

 on the back. — Distrib. Europe, N. and "W. Asia, W. India ; iutrod. in N. 

 America. — Acrid, emetic ; a troublesome weed ; foliage blisters the hand. 



3. A. no'bilis, L. ; perennial, scales of receptacle lanceolate obtuse, 



ray-fl. female white, disk-fl. cylindric. Chamomile. 



Pastures and dry soils, in England, (not indigenous in Scotland; Ireland; 

 Channel Islands ; fl. July-Sept. — Woolly or pubescent, aromatic. Branches 

 spreading from the root, leafy. .Leaf -segments linear. Heads 1-1^ in. diam., 

 few ; peduncle long, slender ; invol. bracts pubescent, scarious. Ray-fl. 

 sometimes 0. Fruit obovoid, terete; disk very small, concealed by the 

 inflated base of the corolla. — Distrib. W. Europe, N. Africa. — Tonic and 

 febrifuge. 



13. ACHIIiIiE'A, L. 



Perennial herbs. Leaves alternate, entire or divided. Heads corymbose, 

 ray white, yellow, or purple ; inner or all invol. bracts oblong, margins 

 sometimes discoloured and scarious. Receptacle narrow, covered with 

 chaffy scales. Ray-fl. female ; ligule broad, short. Disk-fl. tubular, 2- 

 sexual, compressed, 5-toothed ; anther-cells not tailed. Fruit oblong, 

 compressed, margined ; pappus 0. — Distrib. Europe, N. Asia, N. America ; 

 species about 80. — Etym. Mythical. 



1. A. Ptar'mica, L. ; leaves linear serrulate, heads few. Sneeze-wart. 

 Meadows and waste places, N. to Shetland ; ascends to 2,200 ft. in the High- 

 lands; Ireland; fl. July-Sept. — Glabrous or pubescent. Rootstock creeping 

 extensively. Stem 1-2 ft., erect, rigid, ribbed, sparingly branched. Leaves 

 2-3 in., sessile, scattered, teeth cartilaginous. Heads corymbose, J in. diam., 

 hemispheric ; peduncle ebracteate ; receptacle convex ; invol. bracts pubes- 

 cent, rigid, outer lanceolate acute margins purple, inner oblong obtuse. 

 Ray-fl. 8-12 ; ligule reflexed, broad, as long as the involucre ; disk-fl. 

 greenish-white. Fruit glabrous, shining.— Distrib. Europe, Asia Minor, 

 Siberia ; introd. in N. America. — Rootstock pungent, a sialogogue. 



2. A. Millefolium, L. ; leaves 3-pinnatifid. Yarrow, Milfoil. 

 Pastures, N. to Shetland, ascends to 4,000 ft. in the Highlands; Ireland; 



Channel Islands ; fl. May-Sept. — Glabrous, pubescent or woolly. Rootstock 

 extensively creeping, stoloniferous. Stem |-1| in., erect, furrowed, usually 

 simple, leafy. Leaves 2-6 in., linear-oblong, radical petioled ; leaflets and 



