

Sknecio.] COMPOSITE. 219 



curled hairs, especially above ; rootstock shortly creeping ; leaves simply 

 piunatifid, lobes narrower ; heads larger, and pappus dirty- white. — Distrib. 

 From Gothland southd., N. and W. Asia. 



6. S. aquat'icus, Huds. ; biennial, tall, erect, rarely glabrous, heads 

 in a very lax corymb, fruits all ribbed glabrous. 



Sides of rivers, ditches, &c, N. to Shetland ; ascends to 1,500 ft. in the Lake 

 district; Ireland; Channel Islands; fl. July- Aug. — Like S. Jacobce'a, but 

 usually of laxer growth, with longer petioles, and larger heads. Radical 

 leaves very variable, ovate or oblong, irregularly toothed, undivided or lobed, 

 base auricled or pinnatifid, often purple beneath ; upper irregularly lyrate- 

 pinnatifid. Heads 1-1 f in. diam. ; peduncle slender. — Distrib. Europe, 

 N. Africa, Siberia. — S. barbareatfo'lius, Krock. (S. errat'icus, Bert. ; Bab. 

 Prim. fl. Sarn.), is a form with pinnatifid leaves. 



S. squal'idus, L. ; annual or biennial, glabrous, stem short flexuous 

 leafy, heads in a very lax corymb, fruits all ribbed silky. 

 Naturalized on old walls, &c, Oxford, Bideford, Warwick, Cork ; fl. June- 

 Oct. — Stem 8 — 12 in., rather stout. Leaves irregularly lyrate-pinnatifid, 

 lobes long or short, toothed lobulate or subentire, upper auricled and 

 ^-amplexieaul. Heads f in. broad ; involucre broadly campanulate, bracts 

 narrower than in the other species of this section ; outer numerous, small, 

 all usually dark-tipped.— Distrib. S. Europe. 



** Leaves undivided, toothed. 



S. saracen'icus, L. ; leaves glabrous or nearly so, ray-fl. few. 



Naturalized by river-sides and in moist meadows, from Aberdeen southd. 

 and in Ireland; fl. July-Aug — Rootstock creeping, stoloniferous. Stem 

 3-5 ft., erect, stout, leafy. Leaves 5-8 in., linear-oblong, acute, sessile, lower 

 shortly petioled, lowest auricled and |-amplexicaul. Heads § in. diam., 

 many, in lax puberulous corymbs; peduncle short, bracteate ; involucre 

 broadly campanulate, outer bracts subulate, inner narrowly linear oblong, 

 tipped with brown. Fruit glabrous. — Distrib. From Holland southd.. 

 Siberia. — Used as a styptic by Irish peasants. 



7. S. paludo'sus, L. ; leaves cottony beneath, ray-fl. very many. 



Fens of Lincoln, Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridge (very rare) ; Channel 

 Islands; fl. June-July. — Rootstock short. Stems 3-6 ft., stout, erect, 

 branched at the top, glabrous or slightly cottony, leafy. Leaves 3-6 in., 

 sessile, narrowly oblong-lanceolate, coarsely serrate. Heads 1 in. diam., in 

 lax spreading simple or compound corymbs ; peduncle long, bracteate ; 

 involucre broadly campanulate, outer bracts long subulate, inner obtuse. 

 Fruit glabrous. — Distrib. From Gothland southd., Siberia. 



Section 2. Cineraria, L. (gen.). Outer invol. bracts 0. Ray-fl. 

 spreading. 



8. S. palus'tris, DC. ; tall, erect, leafly, pubescent or villous, stem 

 hollow, leaves sessile, heads many, fruit ribbed glabrous. 



