278 B0UAG1NEJE. [Anchusa. 



Corn-fields and waste places in light soils, N. to Shetland ; ascends to 1,000 ft. 

 in the Highlands; Ireland; Channel Islands; fl. June-July. — Annual; 

 root fusiform. Stem simple below, §-l| ft., angular, rather slender. Leaves, 

 radical 1-4 in., petioled, obovate-lanceolate ; cauline linear-oblong, sessile, 

 acute, margin waved and toothed, upper ^-amplexicaul. Cymes 4-5 in., 

 terminal, simple or forked, short, at length elongate, drooping, recurved ; 

 bracts leafy ; flowers subsessile. Sepals § in., narrow. Corolla J in. diam., 

 bright blue, scales white. Nutlets small, reticulate. — Distrib. Europe, 

 N. and W. Asia to N.W. India; introd. in the U. States. — A. de Candolle 

 regards it as indigenous only in S. Europe. 



Section 2. Anchusa proper. Corolla-tube straight, equalling or ex- 

 ceeding the limb. Nutlets with the basal ring not produced. 



A. officinalis, L. ; densely softly hispid, leaves narrow-lanceolate. 

 Ballast hills, rare, Northumberland, Glasgow ; (an alien, Wats.) ; fl. June- 

 July. — Root stout, biennial. Stem 1-2 ft., angled, simple or branched. 

 Leaves, radical 3-6 in., gradually narrowed into long winged petioles ; 

 cauline sessile, oblong-lanceolate or linear-oblong, uppermost ^-amplexicaul. 

 Cymes forked or in pairs, 1-2 in., lengthening to 4-6 in. ; bracts and sepals 

 ovate-lanceolate ; flowers subsessile. Flowers homogamous. Corolla § in. 

 diam., violet-blue, scales white papillose. Nutlets small, brown. — Distrib. 

 Europe, "W. Asia. 



Section 3. Caryolo'pha, Fisch. ct Traut. (gen.). Corolla-tube straight, 

 shorter than the limb. Nutlets with the ring produced towards the style. 



A. sempervi'rens, L. ; hispidly hairy, leaves ovate acute. 

 Hedges and waste places from Caithness southd., rare ; Ireland ; Channel 

 Islands; (an alien, Wats.); fl. May-June. — Root stout, perennial. Stem 

 1-2 ft., simple. Leaves, radical 8-12 in., oblong-ovate, long-petioled ; 

 cauline ovate, shorter petioled. Cymes in axillary pairs, very hispid, sub- 

 capitate, long-peduncled, 2-bracteate, not lengthening much ; peduncles 2-3 

 in., spreading, very slender ; bracts f-1 in., ovate-lanceolate ; flowers shortly 

 pedicelled. Sepals linear. Corolla § in. diam., bright blue, scales white. 

 Nutlets small, reticulate.— Distrib. From Belgium and Spain to Lombardy. 



4. LITHOSPER'MUM, Tournef. Gromwell. 



Annual or perennial herbs, or shrubs, hispid or hairy. Flowers in 

 bracteate cymes. Calyx 5-partite. Corolla funnel- or salver-shaped, throat 

 naked or with 5 tumid folds ; lobes 5, spreading. Anthers oblong, in- 

 cluded in the corolla-tube. Style simple, stigma capitate obscurely lobed. 

 Nutlets bony or stony, smooth or rugose, base truncate, receptacle flat. — 

 Distrib. Europe, temp. Asia and America ; species about 40. — Etym. 

 \iQos and o-rrepp.a, from the stony nutlets. 



1. Ii. officinale, L. ; perennial, stems man} 7 all erect branched and 



flowering, leaves ^-amplexicaul narrow-lanceolate, nutlets smooth white. 



Copses, hedgebanks, &c, from Ross southd. ; Ireland ; fl. June-July. — 



Rootstock stout, woody. Stem 1-3 ft., rough with the tuberous bases of the 



stiff hairs, very leafy. Leaves 2-4 in., pubescent above, strigose beneath. 



