Verbascum.] SCROPHULARINE^. 293 



large. Anthers of long stamens decurrent. Capsule, nearly globose. — 



Distrib. From Holland southd., N. Africa, N. and W. Asii, Himalaya ; 



introd. in N. America. 

 V. blatta'ria proper ; upper leaves not decurrent, racemes lax-fid., pedicels 



solitary slender longer (often much) than the calyx. — Native (?) of S.W. 



England, probably introd. elsewhere. 

 Sup-sp. V. virga'tum, With. ; more glandular, upper leaves shortly decurrent, 



racemes dense- fid., pedicels more fascicled shorter than the calyx. 



2. LIN ARIA, Tournef. Toad-flax. 



Herbs, rarely shrubby. Lower leaves opposite whorled or alternate. 

 Flowers in bracteate racemes or spikes, or axillary and solitary. Calyx 

 5-partite. Corolla personate, tube spurred ; upper lip erect, mid-lobe of 

 lower smallest ; palate sometimes closing the throat. Stamens 4 fertile, 

 5th or rudimentary ; anthers oblong. Stigma notched or 2-lobed. Cap- 

 sule ovoid or globose ; cells subequal, dehiscing by simple or toothed 

 pores. Seeds angled or rugose, sometimes discoid and winged. — Dis- 

 trib. Europe, W. Asia ; species 130. — Etym. linum, flax, which some 

 species resemble. 



Section 1. Cymbala'ria, Chav. Trailing and creeping. Peduncles 

 axillary, 1-fid. Spier short ; palate not projecting. Capsule dehiscing by 

 small 3-fid valves. 



L. Cymbala'ria, Mill. ; glabrous, leaves petioled subsucculent broadly 

 reniform irregularly 3-7-angled or -lobed. Ivy-leaved Toad-flax. 

 Old walls, from Perth southd. ; Ireland ; an alien ; fl. May-Sept. — Perennial. 

 Branches 6-24 in., slender. Leaves \-\ in. diam. ; lobes acute, Flowers 

 § in., blue-purple or white, homogamous ; peduncles slender. Sepals linear- 

 lanceolate. Palate yellow, closing the thi-oat. Capsule small, globose. 

 Seeds wingless, testa wrinkled. — Distrib. From Holland southd. (excl. 

 Turkey). — Eaten as a salad in S. Europe. 



Section 2. Elatinoi'des, Chav. Diffuse. Peduncles axillary, 1- 

 fld. Spur as long as the corolla ; palate projecting. Capsule dehiscing 

 by pores which are furnished with deciduous valves. 



1. Ii. spuria, Mill. ; hairy or villous and glandular, leaves shortly 

 petioled ovate or orbicular entire or obtusely toothed. Male Fluellm. 

 Sandy and chalky cornfields, from Norfolk, Lincoln, and S.Wales southd.; 



Channel Islands ; (a colonist, Wats.) ; fl. July-Ocfc. — Annual. Stem4:-lS in., 

 erect ; branches many, prostrate, slender. Leaves ^-1 in., opposite or 

 alternate, rarely cordate, acute or apiculate.. Peduncles longer than the 

 leaves. Sepals oblong or ovate-cordate. Corolla ^ in., yellow, throat 

 purplish above ; spur at right angles to the tube. Fifth stamen a small 

 scale. Capsule subglobose. Seeds with broad deep pits. — Distrib. From 

 Holland southd., N. Africa, W. Asia; introd. in N. America. 



2. Ii. Elat'ine, Mill. ; hairy or villous and slightly glandular, leaves 

 shortly petioled, cauline alternate broadly hastate acute. 



