296 SCROPHULARINEJE. [Scrophularia. 



the filaments, confluent, bursting transversely. Disk oblique. Stigma 

 notched. Capsule acute, septicidally 2-valved ; valves entire or 2-fid. 

 Seeds ovoid, rugose. — Distrib. Europe, temp. Asia, N. Africa, rare in 

 America ; species about 120. — Etym. In reference to its former use in 



Scrofula. 



Section 1. Scrophularia proper. Sepals obtuse. Corolla purplish, 

 throat not contracted, upper lobes longer than the lateral. Stamens 4, 

 included, 5th reduced to a scale on the upper lip. 



1. S. nodosa, L. ; glabrous below, stem acutely 4-angled, leaves ovate 

 or triangular-cordate acutely doubly-serrate, border of sepals narrow. 

 Shady places, from Caithness southd. ; ascends to 1,500 ft. in Yorkshire ; 



Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. July-Oct. — Rootstock tuberous, nodose. Stem 

 1-3 ft., simple. Leaves 2-4 in., shortly petioled, acute or acuminate, nerves 

 strong, basal teeth largest. Cymes lax ; bracts linear, acute, lower leafy ; 

 pedicels erect, slender, glandular at the base. Flowers £ in., green or 

 brownish, proterogynous ; scale notched. Capsule broadly ovoid, acumi- 

 nate. Seeds rugose, brown. — Distrib. Europe, N. and W. Asia, N. 

 America. 



2. S. aquat'ica, L. ; glabrous below, stem 4-winged, leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate obtuse or acute doubly crenate-toothed, petiole winged, border 

 of sepals broad. 



Ditches, edges of ponds, &c, from Berwick southd.; Ireland; Channel 

 Islands; fl. July-Sept. — Rootstock stout, creeping. Stems 2-4 ft. Leaves 

 3-8 in., petiole winged and lobed or leaves pinnatisect below, lower cordate 

 at the base, glabrous or pubescent, teeth largest upwards. Panicles large, 

 erect; cymes opposite, dichotomous ; lower bracts small, linear. Flowers 

 proterogynous. Corolla J- § in., greenish below, brown above, rarely white ; 

 upper lip 2-fld, scale broad. Capsule small, ovoid or subglobose pointed. — 

 Distrib. From Denmark southd., N. Africa, N. aud W. Asia, Himalaya. 



Sub-sp. S. aquatica proper; cymes lax, many-fld,, leaves crenate, scale 

 reniform. S. Balbis'ii, Hornem. — Yar. S. cinerea, Dum., has an entire 

 scale. 



Sub-sp. S. umbrosa, Dum. ; cymes contracted few-fld., leaves more toothed, 

 scale 2-lobed. S. Ehrhar'ti, Stevens. 



3. S. Scorodo nia, L. ; glandular-pubescent, stem obscurely 4-angled, 

 leaves ovate or triangular-ovate doubty crenate, petiole not winged, border 

 of sepals broad. 



Shaded places, Cornwall, S. Devon ; Kerry ; Channel Islands ; fl. July-Aug. 

 — Rootstock creeping. Stem 2-4 ft., simple. Leaves l§-4 in., coarsely 

 crenate-serrate, usually deeply cordate, much wrinkled. Cymes corymbose, 

 in long lax panicles ; bracts leafy ; pedicels slender. Corolla h in., dull 

 purple; upper lip 2-partite ; scale broad, entire or notched. Capsule sub- 

 globose or ovoid, acuminate.— Distrib. Belgium, W, France, S. Europe, 

 N. Africa. 



Section 2. Ceraman'the, Reichb. Sepals linear-oblong, subacute. 

 Corolla yellow, throat contracted ; lobes nearly equal. Stamens 4, ex- 

 serted ; 5th absent, 



