306 SCROPHULARINE^E. [Pedtcularis. 



1. P. palus'tris, L. ; stem erect branched above, calyx ovoid compressed 

 hairy ribbed, lobes subequal crenate. 



Bogs and marshes, N. to Shetland, ascends to 1,800 ft. in the Highlands ; Ire- 

 land ; Channel Islands ; fl. May-Sept.— Annual, glabrous or sparingly hairy. 

 Stem 6-18 in., stout. Leaves 1-3 in., linear-oblong, pinnate ; segments oblong, 

 obtuse, crenate or pinnatifid, ultimate rounded. Bracts leafy. Calyx %-% 

 in., reddish green, ventricose in fruit. Corolla 1 in., dull pink ; upper lip 

 obtuse 3-toothed, lower broad. Capsule exceeding the calyx, curved. — 

 Distrib. Europe (Arctic) (excl. Spain, Greece), N. Asia. 



2. P. sylvat'ica, L. ; stem branched at the base, branches spreading, 

 calyx oblong angled glabrous, lobes unequal foliaceous crenate. 



Copses, heaths, and damp meadows, N. to Shetland ; ascends to 2,000 ft. in the 

 Highlands ; Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. April-July. — Perennial, glabrous. 

 Stems many, 3-10 in., decumbent and ascending from a very short rootstock, 

 leafy. Leaves and bracts much as in P. palus'tris, but segments acute. 

 Spike lax-fld. Calyx \ in., 5-lobed, upper lobe entire, the rest foliaceous. 

 Corolla 1 in., rose-cold., tube slender, upper lip 2-toothed. Capsule longer 

 than the calyx, obliquely truncate.— Distrib. Europe (excl. Greece, 

 Turkey). 



13. MELAMPY'RUM, Tourncf. Cow-wheat. 



Erect, branched, annual herbs, black when dry, parasitic on roots. 

 Leaves opposite, cauline narrow entire. Flowers axillary and solitary or 

 in leafy spikes, honeyed. Calyx tubular or campanulate ; teeth 4, acu- 

 minate. Corolla 2-lipped, tube cylindric, dilated above ; upper lip short, 

 compressed, truncate, margins recurved ; lower shorter, 3-lobed, palate 

 prominent. Stamens 4, under the upper lip, anthers oblong, cohering by 

 hairs, cells mucronate. Disk hypogynous, anticous. Stigma small, ob- 

 tuse ; ovules 2, collateral near the base of each cell, one subscssile erect, 

 the other stalked fixed laterally. Capsule compressed, ovate, oblique or 

 falcate, loculicidally 2-valved, 1-4-seeded. Seeds oblong, testa smooth, 

 hilum thickened ; embryo small. — Distrib. Europe, temp. Asia ; species 

 6. — Etym. fxe\as and irvp6s, black wheat. 



1. M. praten'se, L. ; flowers axillary secund, bracts entire or toothed, 

 corolla much longer than the calyx, lips closed, lower straight. 

 Copses, heaths, and pastures, N. to Orkney; ascending to 3,000 ft. in the High- 

 lands ; Ireland ; fl. June-Sept. — Glabrous or pubescent, very variable. Stem 

 6-24 in., terete, wiry ; branches spreading. Leaves ^-3 in., ciliate, linear- 

 or ovate-lanceolate, sessile or very shortly petioled, quite entire. Bracts 

 ciliate, often toothed laciniate or pinnatifid, sometimes hastate. Calyx-teeth 

 lanceolate ascending. Corolla pale yellow, horizontal, tube straight. Capsule 

 ovoid, deflexed. — Distrib. Europe (Arctic) (excl. Spain, Italy, Greece 

 Turkey), Siberia. 

 M. praten'se proper ; leaves linear-lanceolate acute, bracts toothed or pin- 

 natifid tips slender. — Var. latifo'lia ; leaves ovate-lanceolate from a 

 broad base, bracts deeply toothed, the upper with short tips. Chalk, &c. 

 districts, Oxford, Monmouth, I. of Wight. — Tar. M. monta'num, Johnst. ; 



