326 LABIATE. [Stachys. 



odour less, flowers paler. — Distrib. Europe (Arctic), N. and W. Asia, 

 Himalaya, N. America. 

 S. ambiy'ua, Sm., is a hybrid nearer sylvat'ica than palus'tris, with leaves shortly 

 petioled, fruit never maturing. Cultivated ground, not uncommon. Other 

 hybrids nearer to palus'tris are more common. 



3. S. german'ica, L. ; biennial, shaggy with white silky hairs, cauline 

 leaves shortly petioled ovate-oblong or lanceolate, spikes stout, whorls 

 very dense-fld. lower remote. 



Fields and roadsides on dry soil, very rare, Hants, Oxford, Kent ; Channel 

 Islands ; (an alien or denizen, Wats.) ; fl. July-Aug. — Rootstock stoloniferous. 

 Stem 1-3 ft., very stout, branched. Leaves coarsely crenate-serrate, often 

 cordate, wrinkled under the matted hairs ; radical 2-5 in., tufted, rather 

 long-petioled. Whorls interrupted ; upper bracts lanceolate ; bracteoles 

 subulate ; pedicels very short. Calyx villous ; upper lip longest ; teeth 

 triangular spinescent. Corolla j in., pale rose-purple, pubescent, lower lip 

 spotted. — Distrib. From Belgium southd., W. Asia, N.W. India. 



4. S. arven'sis, L. ; annual, sparingly hairy, leaves ovate or oblong 

 obtuse crenate, whorls 4-6-fld., corolla very small. 



Fields and waste places, N. to Sutherland ; rare in Scotland ; Ireland ; Chan- 

 nel Islands ; fl. April-Nov. — Branched from the base; branches 6-18 in., 

 weak, ascending, often rooting below. Leaves small, J-l in., base cordate or 

 cuneate, upper sessile ; petiole very variable. Whorls ^-f in. diam. ; bracts 

 sessile, subacute ; bracteoles ; pedicels short. Calyx-teeth longer than the 

 tube, lanceolate-subulate, spinous-tipped. Corolla equalling the calyx, J in., 

 pale pink variegated with white. — Distrib. Europe, N. Africa, N. and W. 

 Asia, N.W. India ; introd. in N. America. 



Section 2. Beton'ica, L. (gen.). Whorls in short dense terminal 

 spikes ; lowest bracts leafy, upper minute. Anther-cells parallel. 



5. S. Beton'ica, Benth. ; hairs deflexed, leaves petioled oblong-cordate 

 obtuse deeply crenate, whorls all close or the lower only separate, calyx- 

 lobes triangular spinescent. Beton'ica officinalis, L. Wood Bctony. 

 Copses, woods, roadsides, &c, from Perth southd. ; rare in Scotland and 



Ireland; ascends to 1,200 ft. in North umbd. ; Channel Islands; fl. June- 

 Aug. — Rootstock woody. Stems 6-24 in., ascending or erect, simple or 

 sparingly branched from the base. Leaves 1-4 in., coriaceous, radical tufted 

 on slender petioles, crenatures large rounded ; cauline few, much narrower, 

 more toothed or serrate. Whorls in an oblong, obtuse, long-ped uncled 

 spike, 1-3 in. ; bracteoles as long as the calyx, oblong-lanceolate, awned ; 

 pedicels short. Calyx-teeth as long as the tube. Corolla f in., red-purple, 

 hairy, tube exserted ; upper *lip erect, lower 3-lobed. — Distrib. Europe, 

 N. Africa, W. Siberia. — Formerly much used medicinally. 



13. galeop'sis, L. Hemp-nettle. 



Annual herbs ; branches diverging. Leaves toothed. Whorls many- 

 fld., dense, axillary and terminal ; bracts foliaceous ; flowers red orange or 

 variegated, honeyed, proterandrous. Calyx subcampanulate, subregular, 



