Spiranthes.] ORCHIDEJE. 387 



2. S. aestivalis, Rich. ; tubers several cylindrie, radical leaves on the 

 flowering stem linear, spike slender many-fld., flowers in 1 series. 



Bogs ; Wyre Forest, Worcester, and New Forest, Hants ; Channel Islands ; 

 fl. July-Aug. — Stem 6-18 in., glabrous. Leaves 2-6 in., narrowed below. 

 Spike slightly pubescent. Flowers and bracts as iu S. autumna'lis, but 

 rather larger.— Distrib. W. Europe from Belgium southd., N. Africa. 



3. S. Romanzovia'na, Cham. ; tubers several cylindrie, radical leaves 

 on the flowering stem narrow obovate-lanceolate, spike stout, flowers in 

 3 series. S. cer'nua, Hook, /., not Rich. ; S. gemmip'ara, Lindl. 

 Meadows, Bantry Bay, Co. Cork ; fl. Aug.-Sept — Stem 6-10 in., stout, gla- 

 brous, leafy throughout. Leaves, lowest 3-6 in. Spike 2-3 in., glandular- 

 pubescent ; bracts sheathing the bc.se of the ovary, subulate-lanceolate. 

 Flowers white, much larger and broader than in the preceding species ; lip 

 tongue-shaped, contracted below the crenate recurved tip, tubercles at the 

 base smooth and shining. — Distrib. Kamtschatka. — A. Gray correctly 

 refers S. gemmip'ara to Romanzovia'na. 



8. EPIPO'GUM, Gmelin. 



Leafless saprophytes. Root of fleshy branched fibres. Flowers racemed. 

 Sepals and petals rather spreading. Zip superior, ovate, 3-lobed, disk 

 with rows of glands ; spur short, stout. Anther terminal, deciduous ; 

 pollen-masses 2, in cavities of the cylindrie column, stalked, glands 

 connate. Stigma prominent, horseshoe like ; rostellum 0. Ovary not 

 twisted. — Distrib. Europe N. of the Alps, N. Italy, N. Asia, Himalaya; 

 species 2. — Etym. ivl and 7rct>-)<wp, from the lip being uppermost. 



E. Gmeli'ni, Rich. ; flowers pale yellow. E. aphyl'lum, Sw. 

 Amongst decayed leaves, Herefordshire, most rare ; fl. Aug. — Stem 4-8 in., tumid 

 above the base, pale yellow-brown, with 1 or 2 appressed sheaths. Bracts 

 as long as the pedicels. Flowers 2-6, shortly pedicelled, 1 in. ; ovary broad, 

 short ; sepals and petals narrow-lanceolate, subequal, margins involute ; lip 

 recurved, lateral lobes small, middle whitish with red glands ; spur obtuse. 



9. EPIPAC'TIS, Rich. Helleborine. 



Rootstock creeping. Stem leafy. Flowers racemed ; ovary straight ; 

 pedicel twisted. Sepals and petals conniving or spreading. Lip much 

 contracted in the middle, basal lobe concave, terminal entire with 2 basal 

 tubercles. Anther sessile, hinged on the top of the column ; pollen- 

 masses 2, powdery, glands connate. Stigma prominent ; rostellum short, 

 erect. Capsule pendulous. — Distrib. Europe, N. Asia, Himalaya ; species 

 about 8. — Etym. The classical name for this or another plant. 



1. E. latifo'lia, Sw. ; leaves orbicular ovate-lanceolate or oblong, bracts 

 mostly exceeding the flowers, basal lobe of lip with rounded margins, 

 terminal broadly ovate, ovary broadly pyriform. E. Hel'leborine, Crantz. 

 Woods, from Boss southd. ; Ireland ; fl. July-Aug.— Stem 1-3 ft., pubescent 



above. Leaves variable, ribbed. Raceme many-fld., bracts green. Flcwers 



C C 2 



