,388 OROELDEJE. [Epipactis. 



subsecund, \-\ in. diarn., green, variously marked with yellow white or 

 purple ; sepals broadly ovate ; petals ovate-lanceolate ; lip variable in form 

 and colour, as long as the sepals or shorter, terminal lobe with thickened 

 ridges on the disk. — Distrib. Europe (Arctic), N. Africa, Siberia, Hima- 

 laya. — I am indebted to Mr. Baker for the diagnoses of the following sub- 

 species, which coincide with Syme's, and appear to embrace the prevalent 

 forms ; they do not however precisely accord with those of other countries, 

 nor do materials from different parts of England give quite the same results, 

 .-jsmb-sp. latifo'lia proper ; stems 2-3 ft. not tufted, lower leaves 4-5 by 

 2-3 in., sepals J-f in. ovate-oblong, tip of lip broader than long obscurely 

 pointed. E. viridijio'ra, Hoffm. ; E. Hel'leboii,ne, var. var'ians, Crantz.— 

 Common- (Also found in one spot in E. U. States.) 



;Sub-sp. E. purpura'ta, Sm. ; stems 2-3 ft. often tufted, lower leaves 3-4 by 

 1^—2 in., sepals oblong-lanceolate §-§ in. more pointed, tip of lip as broad 

 as long subdeltoid. Flowers usually tinted violet-purple, except var. E. 

 me'dia, Fries, which is also less robust. E. viola'cea, Bor. — S. of England 

 rare. 



ISub-sp. E. atro-rtj'bens, Hoffm. ; dwarfer, lower leaves 1^-2 by 1 in. ovate 

 acute, tip of lip broader than long rounded obscurely cuspidate. Flowers 

 a month earlier, reddish brown. E. ova'lis, Bab. ; E. rubigino'sa, Crantz. — 

 Limestone cliffs, Orme'sHead, Yorkshire (ascends to 1,200 ft.), Sutherland, 

 &c. 



2 E. palus'tris, Sio. ; leaves lanceolate, bracts mostly short, basal 

 lobe of lip angular terminal obtuse crenate, ovary narrowly pyriform. 

 Marshy places, from Fife and Perth southd., local ; rare in Ireland ; Channel 

 Islands ; fl. July. — Stem 8-18 in., slender, wiry, pubescent above. Leaves 

 acute, xipper acuminate. Flowers few, ^— § in. broad ; sepals and petals ovate, 

 subacute, green striped with purple ; lip white, streaked with red, terminal 

 lobe tubercled towards the base. — Distrib. Europe, Siberia. 



lO. CEPHALAN'THERA, Rich, 

 Rootstock creeping. Stem leafy. Leaves subdistichous. Spikes few-fid. ; 

 ovary twisted. Flowers suberect, sepals and petals incurved. Lip de- 

 curved, constricted in the middle, basal lobe saccate, terminal not tubercled, 

 disk crested. Anther hinged on the contracted top of the column ; pollen- 

 masses 2, powdery, glands connate. Stigma prominent ; rostellum 0. 

 Capsule erect.— Distrib. Europe, N. Asia, Himalaya ; species 4. — 

 Etym. K€<pa\7} and &v9r]pa, from the position of the anther. 



1. C. pal lens, Rich. ; leaves ovate-oblong, lower bracts large much ex- 

 ceeding the almost glabrous ovary, flowers white. C. grandiflo'ra, S. F. 

 Gray. White Hel'leborine. 



"Woods and copses chiefly in chalky districts, from Cumberland to Somerset 

 and Kent, rare ; fl. May-June. — Stems tufted, 1-2 ft. Leaves 3-6 in., upper 

 narrower. Flowers § in. distant, suberect, cream-white ; sepals and petals 

 ovate-oblong, obtuse ; terminal lobe of lip orbicular, erect, yellow. — Distrib. 

 From Denmark southd. 



2. C. ensifo'lia, Rich. ; leaves ovate or lanceolate, bracts of upper 

 flowers much smaller than the almost glabrous ovaries, flowers white. 



