J uncus.] JUNCEM. 415 



3. J. bal'ticus, Willd. ; stems rigid, pith continuous, perianth- 

 segments ovate-lanceolate about equalling the ovoid abruptly mucronate 

 capsule, stamens 3. J. arc'ticus, Hook., not Willd. 



Sandy seashores, rarely by inland lakes, from Fife and Kincardine to Caith- 

 ness ; fl. July.— Rootstock creeping, not tufted. Stems few, 1-2 ft., x V-to m , 

 diaui., pale green, scarcely striate. Cymes small, corymbose, suberect, 

 few-fld. Perianth about £ in., dark brown, midrib pale. Anthers much 

 longer than the filaments. — Distrib. N. Germany to the Arctic circle, 

 N. America. 



4. J. filifor'mis, L. ; stems wiry pale green filiform, pith interrupted, 

 cyme midway up the stem small, perianth-segments lanceolate exceeding 

 the turbinate obtuse mucronate capsule, stamens 6. 



Stony and gravelly margins of lakes, Westmoreland, Cumberland, Kin- 

 cardine; fl. July- Aug.— Rootstock loosely tufted. Stems 4-8 in., very 

 slender, faintly striate. Sheaths often with subulate tips. Cymes sessile ; 

 flowers few, crowded, very pale. Anthers shorter than the filaments. Seeds 

 very minute. — Distrib. Europe N. of the Alps (Arctic), N. Asia, N. 

 America. 



** Leaves all reduced to sheaths, or a few elongate and stem-like. Cymes lateral, 

 Jlowers many clustered. Stamens 6. Testa produced at each end. 



5. J. acu'tus, L. ; stems rigid pungent, sheaths long shining, perianth- 

 segments ovate-lanceolate, inner obtuse with a broad scarious margin half 

 as long as the broadly ovoid mucronate capsule. 



Sandy seashores from Norfolk and Carnarvon to Kent and Devon, rare ; 



5. and S.E. Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. July-Aug — Tufts circular. Stems 

 2-4 ft., stout, terete, hardly striate, many flowerless. Cymes corymbose, 

 dense-fld., very large in fruit; bracts lanceolate-subulate, exceeding the 

 flowers ; flowers £-^ in. Perianth brown, inner segments retuse winged 

 towards the tip. Capsule nearly ^ in., turgid, hardly 3-gonous. — Distrib. 

 Coasts from France to Turkey, N. Africa. 



6. J. marit'imus, Sm. ; stems wiry pungent, sheaths short pale, 

 perianth-segments lanceolate all acute and without scarious margins 

 equalling the elliptic-oblong acuminate capsule. 



Salt marshes from Isla and Elgin southd. ; rare in Scotland; common in 

 Ireland ; fl. July-Aug. — Habit of J. acu'tus, but irregularly tufted ; stems 

 less rigid and usually more slender ; cymes more interrupted, branches long 

 erect ; bracts not exceeding the very pale flowers. — Distrib. Coasts from 

 Gothland to Turkey, N. Africa, W. Siberia, N. America. 



*** Leaves all terete compressed or channelled. Cymes terminal or lateral, 

 1-3- {rarely 6-)fd. Testa produced at each end. 



7. J. triglu'mis, L. ; stems terete, leaves radical subulate channelled, 

 flowers usually 3 terminal equalling the membranous bracts, perianth- 

 segments obtuse much shorter than the ellipsoid beaked capsule. 



Alpine bogs, from Carnarvon and Durham to Shetland ; ascends to 3,000 ft. in 

 the Highlands ; fl. July-Aug. — Tufted, black ; stolons 0. Stems 6-18 in., 



