458 CYPERACE^ [Caiiex. 



the fruit, caducous, margins broad pale, nerves brown. Perigynia slightly 

 decurved, not ribbed. Nut elliptic-ovoid, 3-quetrous. — Distrib. Arctic N. 

 and Alpine Europe, N. Asia, N. America. 



36. C. pen'dula, Huds. ; stems tall leafy, leaves broad flat, bract- 

 sheaths long, spikelets many very long slender drooping, perigynia ovoid 

 turgid 3-gonous smooth membranous green much exceeding the awned 

 glumes, beak short terete decurved smooth notched. 



Damp woods, &c, from Lanark and Elgin southd. ; local in Ireland ; fl. May- 

 June. — Rootstock tufted, stolons 0. Stems 3-6 ft., 3-gonous, smooth or 

 scaberulous. Leaves pale-green, not glaucous beneath, J-§ in. broad. Spike- 

 lets 3-5 in., males 1-3, inclined, sometimes interruptedly male and fern., or 

 fern, at the base only ; females subsessile, graceful, curved, obtuse, dense- 

 fld., pedicels wholly included in the very leafy bracts. Glumes spreading, 

 small, oblong, obtuse or 2-fid, pale brown, awn hispid, midrib green, mar- 

 gins pale ragged. Perigynia narrow at both ends, gibbous above. Nut 

 short, broad, pale, 3-quetrous. — Distrib. From Belgium southd., N. Africa. 



tt Perigynia hairy. Spikelets short in all but 42, 43. 



37. C prse'cox, Jacq. ; leaves short flat curved, bract-sheaths short, 

 spikelets few close, perigynia broadly ellipsoid turgid 3-gonous hispid 

 brown equalling the brown obtuse or cuspidate glumes, beak very short. 

 Moors, heaths, and pastures, N. to Shetland; ascends to 2,300 ft. in the High- 

 lands ; Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. April-May. — Rootstock creeping, 

 stoloniferous. Stems 6-12 in., 3-gonous, quite naked above, smooth or 

 pcaberulous. Leaves §-£ in. broad, densely tufted, keeled. Spikelets 

 crowded, subsessile ; male slender, erect ; female 2-3, J-§ in , inclined, ob- 

 long, rather dense-fid. Glumes small, broad, edges brown, midrib green ; 

 bracts variable. Perigynia subsessile, coriaceous, olive, opaque. Nut 3-gonous, 

 short, brown, crowned with a minute ring.— Distrib. Europe, N. Asia; 

 introd. in N. America. 



38. C. tomento'sa, L. ; slender, leaves glaucous beneath, bract- 

 sheaths 0, spikelets few short close, perigynia obovoid 3-gonous pubescent 

 green exceeding the acute glumes, beak very short notched. 



Wet meadows, N. Wilts ; fl. June. — Rootstock creeping, stoloniferous. Stems 

 10-18 in., 3-quetrous, scaberulous above. Leaves ^ in. broad, curved, glabrous, 

 flat. Spikelets subsessile ; male solitary, erect ; female, 1-2, inclined, J-4 in. ; 

 bracts long or short. Glumes very small, ovate, sometimes cuspidate, midrib 

 green, edges brown. Perigynia coriaceous, turgid, beak distinct slightly 

 decurved. Nut 3-gonous, obovoid, pale. — Distrib. From the Baltic to 

 France, and E. to Italy and Turkey. 



39. C. pilulif'era, L. ; slender, leaves recurved, bract-sheath 0, spike- 

 lets few short few-fid. close, perigynia stipitate subglobose pubescent 

 equalling the ovate cuspidate brown glumes, beak very short notched. 



Heaths, woods, and moors, N. to Shetland ; ascends to 3,300 ft. in the High- 

 lands ; Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. June. — Rootstock tufted, stolons 0. 

 Stems 6-20 in., 3-gonous, scaberulous. Leaves ^-£ in., chiefly radical, broad, 



