48 Oxyuris vermicnlaris 



B. Case of a female, age 5J, operated upon for intussusception, and 

 in whose appendix several Oxyuris were found. 



C. Case of a female, aged 7, operated upon for appendicitis, 

 appendix found to be normal, but was packed with threadworms. 



D. Case of a female, aged 32, operated upon for recurrent appen- 

 dicitis. The appendix was ulcerated at one point, and contained four 

 Ascaris lumbricoides. 



E. Case of chronic appendicitis (no clinical history given) operated 

 upon and the appendix found to contain one Trichocephalus trichiurus^ 

 The appendix was also the site of a primary carcinoma. 



These selected cases, although of much interest individually, do not 

 help towards forming an estimate of the percentage of infected appen- 

 dices, but they bear out the suggestion of von Moty (1902) that different 

 varieties of parasites may cause different lesions of the appendix. Von 

 Moty suggests that Ascaris lumbricoides causes an acute inflammation 

 going on to gangrene, and that 0. vermicularis and T. trichiurus lead to 

 a more chronic inflammatory condition. Our own cases confirm his 

 suggestion regarding the inflammatory changes produced by Oxyuris. 



With regard to the records of isolated cases of appendicitis in which 

 Oxyuris have been found in the appendix, it will be sufficient if we 

 group these together. A bibliography of these cases has been appended 

 for further completeness. Wakefield (1908), Wagener (1906), Walther 

 (1905), report single cases, but no description of the gross or micro- 

 scopic lesions is produced. Culhane (1910), Martin (1907), von Moty 

 (1902), Pabeuf and Dubois (1908), Ashhurst (1909), Begouin (1902), 

 report clinical cases and describe the histological changes found. They 

 fail to establish any relationship between the parasites and the changes 

 described. Winkler (1910), Hippius and Lewinson (1907), Weinberg 

 (1907), Komanovitch (1911), Brumpt and Lecene (1910), Galli-Valerio 

 (1903), report single cases of Oxyuris appendicitis in which the parasite 

 is shown to be the actual cause of the disease. Wilson (1912), Burgess 

 (1912), Grippen (1912), Macdonald (1912), etc. also report cases of 

 Oxyuris in the appendix. Unterberger (1908) records two cases of 

 Oxyuris appendicitis accidentally discovered at autopsies. 



Trichocephalus trichiurus in the Appendix. 



In view of the fact that T. trichiurus was not found present in any 

 of our cases, we give below some of the statistics compiled by other 

 investigators with regard to this worm. Brumpt (1910) quotes the 

 following : 



