148 



instance — that of a dead bee, which was very full of spores — was 

 the parasite found. 



During this period right up to the middle of September there 

 was no further dysentery, but crawling was intermittent to a 

 limited extent. The record continues as under : — 



20th September. — This nucleus has sealed stores on top of 

 both sides of frame. It has been fed with syrup. Bees appear 

 quite healthy. 



2 1 St September. — Do. do. 



29th September. — All well. A good proportion of sealed stores. 



October. — The behaviour of this nucleus has been normal all 

 this month. Welsh bees were added and the nucleus maintained 

 until December, when the bees were returned to the parent stock. 



• There are two features in the foregoing record which appear to 

 us noteworthy. The dysentery which was present was clearly 

 associated with the bees before the appearance of Nosema, and 

 occurred at the time when Isle-of-Wight disease was the prominent 

 feature. 



The second point is the failure of Nosema to become well 

 established, even while the nucleus was in otherwise unfavourable 

 conditions. 



No. 8 As recorded in the previous experiment, a frame of bees 

 having a history oi Nosema infection was added to a stock suffering 

 from Isle-of-Wight disease. This took place in December. 



On the 1 2th of March following, a sample of bees — 30 in 

 number — was taken and examined. The result gave no evidence 

 °*-*' the presence of Nosema apis, nor were there any signs of Isle-of- 

 P; 52^. ■ disease. Up till May no signs of any disease were 

 diseased t>;^ ^j^g stock. The following account gives the subsequent 

 Isle-of-Wighi 



after the mfectgth of May bees were carrying out dead and sick, 

 showing typic able to crawl but not to fly, was found to be heavily 

 mfection. Dy Nosema apis in both intracellular stages and free 

 In view of I 



an occurrence It of this discovery examinations were made as 

 recalling that \ 



aueenles p '^ees picked up from the ground in front of the hive 

 ^. ■ j th'*^ *° contain spores and intracellular stages. The 



^ d and one live bee taken from the top of the frames. 



Fnrther Ex£* found in it. Three other dead bees taken from 



, r ^ned spores, a fourth did not. 



in t k f h ^ *^^ weather was favourable and the stock was 



_ , . . . ely well. Two bees were captured on arrival at the 



making contmuc ,-', , ^. . r n ^ • j 



fou A p th t ' honey sac full, contamed an enormous 



r^ 1- ' ir ' -s ; the other, which was carrying pollen, showed a 



Italian bees ; anc . ', ^ j u u ^ / s t" > 



, . ' , infected cells, but spores were not seen, 



such bees are 1 , c ..u • r *. cut 



J... r . aken from the grass in front was full of spores, 



conditions. In t . . ^u i- u»- u j » j 



■ a c "T arriving on the alighting board was captured, 



significance of su< ,'',, . , . *• u u n 1 1 .. 1 



j.*^ . , )ney sac full, chyle stomach chalky and completely 



spores everywhere. The colon was practically 



rj,, , . - bee taken on arrival had the honey sac full, 



° ° h chalky with some dark contents, — completely 



