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thorough search failed to reveal the presence of any stage of this 

 parasite. It is not without interest to recall the fact that this 

 queen was a survivor of a stock which died out from Isle-of-Wight 

 disease. 



On the following day nine dead bees were found at the 

 entrance. These were examined, and two were found containing a 

 very large number of spores ; the others appeared to be free. 



Case 2. On this date a fresh queen (Italian) was introduced. 

 With a view to strengthening this small lot some Punic bees were 

 introduced ten days afterwards. They attacked the queen and balled 

 her. She was removed and caged, but died on the following day. 

 Fluid expressed from her abdomen was found to contain spores of 

 Nosema. This queen had been in contact with the Nosenia infected 

 bees during a period of eleven days only. There is of course the 

 possibility that she contained Nosema prior to this period, but it 

 may be mentioned that the bees which accompanied her from Italy 

 in a small cage were all examined and found free from this parasite. 



This small lot of bees was subsequently maintained without a 

 queen, and Italian bees were added on the 9th of November. By 

 the 24th almost all the Dutch bees were dead, and those examined 

 from time to time were in every case found infected with Nosema 

 in the spore stage. Although never more than a small lot of bees 

 they survived until the first week in January. Nosema infected 

 bees were found to the last. 



Case 3. On 31st October a queen from a stock previously 

 tested and found negative for Nosetna was introduced to a 

 nucleus heavily infected with this parasite. 



On 3rd December the queen was isolated with a i^^ of the 

 bees for further experiment. She, however, died two days later, 

 and examination revealed the presence of a limited infection of the 

 chyle stomach. 



Further Observations. — The following further results have been 

 obtained in the case of queens heading stocks infected with Nosema 

 apis. Of twelve queens examined after death, spores of Nosema 

 were found in four. Of four queens taken alive and sacrificed, three 

 showed meronts in the chyle stomach epithelium but no spores. 

 No trace oi Nosema was found in the fourth. 



Infection by means of the Queen.— Caj^ i. History of a 

 Stock. On i6th May 1917 an Italian queen was given to a frame 

 of Dutch bees in a nucleus hive situated on a roof 45 feet above 

 street level. The nucleus maintained itself well, and the bees were 

 always active, although, as explained below, the numbers did not 

 increase up to expectations. The food was supplemented during 

 July and August with syrup and with candy medicated with 

 Bacterol, as supplied by Messrs. Pascall, yet on 13th September, 

 when twelve bees were taken for examination, eleven were found 

 infected with Nosema apis. No other indications of disease were 

 evident. The bees were active and taking in pollen. 



Since these bees occupied an isolated position in a thickly 

 populated part of a large town, and as the parent stock from which 

 the Dutch bees initiating the experiment were taken have never 

 shown signs of the presence of Nosema, it is highly probable that 



