156 Darwinism and Other Essays. 



say that it forms an exception in the case of the 

 law of evolution, provided that law be once estab- 

 lished. 



We shall find our conclusion inductively con- 

 firmed, on observing that the development theory 

 explains the differences between the races of man- 

 kind, as well as those between the animal tribes. 

 Premising the fact, well known to every anato- 

 mist, that change in structure is invariably accom- 

 panied by change in function, we notice that the 

 lower races, such as the Alfurus, resemble the 

 quadrumana in having very small legs, protruding 

 jaws, receding foreheads, thick lips, eyes wide 

 apart and curved upwards ; that as we proceed in 

 turn to the red Indians, the Turanians, and the 

 Semites, this resemblance becomes much less 

 marked, and at last scarcely perceptible ; and 

 that, on reaching the Europeans, it can no longer 

 be traced, except in infants. The legs have be- 

 come much longer and more massive than the 

 arms, which have diminished in length ; the jaws 

 have retired; the forehead has advanced; the lips 

 have become comparatively thin : the eyes have 

 approached each other, and lost their upward cur- 

 vature. These facts, so familiar to every one 

 that it is almost needless to cite them, show that, 

 in respect to structure, we find a marked progress 



