Mr. Buckle's Fallacies. 161 



as the real state of the case. And, indeed, since 

 structure and function are inseparably connected ; 

 since diversity of structure necessarily supposes 

 diversity of function, and similarity of structure 

 similarity of function, it follows that, as like pro- 

 duces like in the case of structural forms, so also 

 must like produce like in the case of functional 

 peculiarities ; and as the nervous system is but a 

 part of the organism, and must come under the 

 same generalization as the whole, so also does the 

 same hold true of the functions of the nervous 

 system, that is, of thought, feeling, and the like. 

 In other words, there must be cases not only of 

 hereditary madness and hereditary disease, but 

 also of hereditary vices and hereditary virtues, so 

 long as disease and madness, virtue and vice, co- 

 exist with peculiar structural states. And, as be- 

 fore, unless Mr. Buckle is prepared to deny the 

 inseparable connection of structure and function, 

 he cannot escape this conclusion. 



As we have already observed, it is passing 

 strange that Mr. Buckle, while embracing the 

 law of development, should spurn that of heredi- 

 tary transmission, to which it is so intimately re- 

 lated, and on which it, in some degree, depends 

 for its proofs. But Mr. Buckle has a theory of 



his own to maintain. He wishes to show that 

 11 



