LIGAMENTS OF THE SHOULDER-JOINT. 



and scapula, dislocate the head of the humerus through the hole 

 thus made and saw it off close to the capsular attachment. When 

 this has been done, the glenoid ligament, the tendon of the biceps and 

 the gleno-humeral bands on the articular aspect of the front part of 

 the capsule will be manifest. 



The tendon of the biceps muscle arches over the head of the humerus, Tendon of 

 i ^ J.T i T.L the biceps, 



and serves the purpose of a ligament in supporting the bone. It 



is attached to the upper part of the head of the scapula (fig. 38, d), 

 and is united on each side with the glenoid ligament. At first 

 flat, it afterwards becomes round, and enters the groove between 

 the tuberosities of the humerus, where it is surrounded by the 

 synovial membrane. The transverse fibres bridging across the Transverse 

 bicipital groove are^spoken of as the transverse humeral ligament. 



FIG. 38. VIEW OF THE INTERIOR OF THE SHOULDER-JOINT. 



a. Attachment of the capsule to 

 the neck of the humerus. 



b. Interval of the bicipital 

 groove. 



c. Glenoid ligament around the 

 glenoid fossa. 



d. Tendon of the long head of the 

 biceps fixed at the top of the fossa. 



The glenoid ligament (fig. 38, c) is a narrow fibrous band, which Glenoid 

 surrounds the fossa of the same name, increasing it for the recep- ^ 

 tion of the head of the humerus. It is connected in part with the 

 sides of the tendon of the biceps ; but most of its fibres are fixed 

 separately to the margin of the glenoid fossa. 



The gleno-humeral ligaments are three bands, or folds, seen on the 

 articular aspect of the fore part of the capsule. The superior is 

 exposed by cutting away the biceps tendon in the joint, and appears 

 as a small fold along the inner border of the tendon. The middle 

 one springs from the margin of the glenoid cavity below the fore- 

 going and passes obliquely downwards below the tendon of the 

 subscapularis to the lesser tuberosity of the humerus, and the 

 inferior is a strong band parallel with and below the middle, passing 

 to the humerus between the attachments of the subscapularis and 

 teres minor muscles. 



