230 



DISSECTION OF THE LEG. 



plantar, 



and interos- 

 seous liga- 

 ments. 



Lateral 

 union : 



synovial 

 sacs. 



Great toe 

 separate. 



Anterior 

 ends. 



Tarsus and 

 metatarsus 



Joint of 

 great toe 



separate 

 from rest : 



synovial 

 sac. 



Form of 

 bones. 



Motion up 

 and down, 



anil lateral 

 motion. 



Joints of 

 four outer 

 toes: 



dorsal liga- 

 ments ; 



the base of one metatarsal bone to the next. The plantar ligaments I 

 (fig. 88) are similar to the dorsal. The interosseous ligaments are I 

 short transverse fibres between the contiguous rough lateral surfaces : I 

 they may be afterwards seen by forcibly separating the bones. 



Lateral union. The four outer bones touch one another late- I 

 rally ; the second metatarsal lies against the internal and external I 

 cuneiforms ; and the fourth is in contact internally with the outer I 

 cuneiform. The articulating surfaces are covered with cartilage ; I 

 and their synovial cavities are offsets of those serving for the 

 articulation of the same four metatarsal 

 with the tarsal bones. 



The metatarsal bone of the great tor, I 

 like that of the thumb, is not united 

 to the others at its base by any inter- 

 vening bands. 



The distal ends of the five metatarsal 

 bones are united by the transverse 

 metatarsal ligament (p. 210). 



TARSAL WITH MP:TATARSAL BONES. 

 These articulations resemble the like 

 parts in the hand, as there is a separate 

 joint for the great toe, and a common 

 one for the four outer metatarsals. 



Articulation of the great toe. The 

 articular ends of the bones are encased 

 by a capsule, and are provided with an 

 upper and a lover longitudinal band to 

 give strength to the joint : the lower 

 band is placed between the insertions 

 of the tendons of the tibialis anticus 

 and peroneus longus. 



A simple synovial sac serves for the 

 articulation. 



The articular surfaces are oval from 

 above down, curved inwards, and constricted in the middle ; that 

 of the metatarsal bone is excavated, and the other is convex. 



Movement. There is an oblique movement of the metatarsal bone 

 down and in and up and out, like that of the internal cuneiform 

 with the navicular bone ; and this will contribute a little to inver- 

 sion and eversion of the foot. 



The joint possesses likewise slight abductory and adductory 

 movement. 



Articulation of the four outer toes. The three outer tarsal bones of 

 the distal row correspond with four metatarsals, the middle cunei- 

 form being opposite the second metatarsal bone, the external cunei- 

 form touching the third, and the cuboid carrying the outer two 

 bones. The surfaces in contact are tipped with cartilage, and have 

 longitudinal dorsal, plantar, and lateral ligaments, with some oblique 

 in the sole. 



The dorsal ligaments (fig. 90) are thin bands of fibres, which are 



FIG. 90. DORSAL LIGAMENTS 

 UNITING THE TARSUS TO 

 THE METATARSUS, AND THE 

 METATARSAL BONES TO 

 EACH OTHER BEHIND 

 (BOURGERY). 



