THE GALL-BLADDER. 



351 



Lymphatics of the liver are superficial and deep. The superficial Lympha- 

 of the upper surface in part join the lymphatics of the thorax by superficial, 

 piercing the diaphragm, and enter the anterior mediastinal glands ; 

 those of the under surface mainly join the deep lymphatics issuing 

 at the portal fissure. 



The deep lymphatics accompany both sets of vessels in the liver ; and deep, 

 those with the portal vein descend through some small glands in 

 the lesser omentum and end in the ccfiliac glands ; while those 

 accompanying the hepatic veins pass through the diaphragm, and 

 enter the glands of the posterior mediastinum. 



:ome from the sympathetic and Nerves. 



the pneumo -gastric, and ramify with the 

 hepatic artery. 



Gall 

 Bladder: 



situation ; 



form; 



THE GALL-BLADDER. 



The gall bladder (fig. 131, g 6, p. 346) is 

 the receptacle of the bile. It is situate in 

 a depression on the under surface of the 

 right lobe of the liver, and to the right of 

 the quadrate lobe. It is pear-shaped, and 

 its larger end (fundus) is directed forwards 

 beyond the margin of the liver ; while 

 the smaller end (neck) is turned in the 

 opposite direction, and bends downwards 

 to terminate in the cystic duct by a 

 zigzag part. 



In length the gall-bladder measures three 

 or four inches, and in breadth rather more 

 than an inch at the widest part. It holds 

 from an ounce to an ounce and a half. 



By one surface it is in contact with the 

 liver, and on the opposite it is covered by 



peritoneum. The larger end touches the Fio. 133. GALL-BLADDER 

 abdominal wall opposite the cartilage of AXD ITS DDOT. 



the ninth rib (fig. Ill, p. 303), where it . Gall-bladder, 

 is contiguous to the transverse colon. 

 The neck is in contact with the duodenum. 



Structure. The gall-bladder possesses a 

 peritoneal, a fibrous and muscular, and a 

 mucous coat. 



The serous coat is stretched over the under or free surface of the Serous coat, 

 gall-bladder, and surrounds the fundus. 



The fibrous coat is strong, and forms the framework of the sac ; Fibrous and 

 intermixed with it are some involuntary muscular fibres, the c 

 being longitudinal, but others circular. 



Dissection. The gall-bladder should now be slit open and washed 

 out to show its lining. 



The mucous coat is marked internally by numerous ridges and Mucous 

 intervening depressions, which give an alveolar or honeycomb alveolar on 



surface ; 



relations. 



b. Cystic duct. 



c. Ridges in the interior. 



d. Common bile-duct. 



e. Common hepatic duct, structure 



of wall. 



