392 



DISSECTION OF THE PELVIS. 



salpenic. 



ovarium ; 



ligament of 

 the ovary ; 



ovario- 

 pelvic 

 ligament ; 



round liga- 

 ment. 



Use descrip. 

 tion of male 

 pelvis for 

 muscles and 

 fasciae. 



Then clean 

 the viscera 

 of the 

 female 

 pelvis. 



Relations 

 of the rec- 

 tum, 



and anal 

 canal. 



Uterus : 



form and 

 situation : 



and above the ovary is called the meso-salpinx and the short fold 

 attaching the ovary is the meso-ovarium. Passing from the lower 

 and inner end of the ovary to the upper part of the uterus behind 

 is a well-marked band the ligament of the ovary ; and a fold con- 

 taining the ovarian vessels will be seen connecting the ovary to the 

 pelvic wall over the external iliac artery ; this is the ovario -pelvic 

 ligament, or the suspensory ligament of the ovary. 



Finally in front of the broad ligament a fibrous cord the round 

 ligament of the uterus can be traced from the uterus over the pelvic 

 brim to the internal abdominal ring. 



The false ligaments of the bladder are substantially the same as in 

 the male (p. 378). The so-called posterior false ligament is 

 identical with the utero-vesical fold of peritoneum and contains 

 the superior vesical vessels. 



Directions. The instructions for the removal of the hip-bone, 

 and for the distension of the viscera, as well as for the dissection of 

 the fascia and muscles of the pelvis given on page 378 should now 

 be followed, and after the student has learnt the muscles and the 

 fascia, which are nearly alike in both sexes, as described on pages 

 380 to 384, he will make the following special dissection of the 

 viscera of the female pelvis. 



Dissection. On taking away the recto-vesical fascia and much 

 fat the viscera will come into view. To maintain the position of 

 the uterus, fasten it up with a piece of string passed through the 

 upper end. The reflections of the peritoneum 011 the viscera are to 

 be preserved ; and a piece of cotton- wool is to be placed between the 

 rectum and the uterus. 



The obliterated cord of the hypogastric artery is to be followed 

 on the bladder ; and the ureter is to be traced forwards by the side 

 of the uterus to the bladder. Afterwards the urethra, the vagina, 

 and the rectum are to be cleaned and separated a little from one 

 another at the lower part of the pelvis ; but the arteries on the 

 rectum are to be preserved. 



The RECTUM is not so curved in the female as in the male, and 

 is generally larger. Descending along the front of the sacrum and 

 coccyx to the anus, its relations are similar to those of the rectum 

 in the male (p. 386). 



It reaches an inch and a half in front of the tip of the coccyx, 

 and has the vagina in front, and in contact with it ; the connection 

 between the two being considerably stronger below than above. 



Inferiorly it ends in the anal canal, which inclines backwards, 

 away from the vagina so as to leave between the two a space which 

 corresponds, on the surface of the body, with the perineum between 

 the anus and the vulva. The levatores ani are on the sides, and 

 unite behind the rectum in front of the coccyx, and the sphincter 

 muscles surround the anal passage as in the male. 



The UTERUS (fig. 146 and fig. 147, o) is rather pyriformin shape, 

 and flattened from before backwards. Unless enlarged, it lies 

 below the brim of the pelvis, between the bladder and the rectum ; 

 and it is supported by its ligaments. Its wider end is free and 



