570 



DISSECTION OF THE FACE. 



Lobule. Inferiorly the auricle ends in a soft pendulous part, the lobule. 



Intrinsic The special muscles of the pinna, which extend from one part of 



auriclef tne cartilage to another, are very thin and pale. Five small muscles 

 are to be recognised ; and these receive their names for the most 

 part from the several eminences of the external ear. 



Dissection. In seeking the small auricular muscle*, let the 

 skin be removed only over the spot where each muscle is said to 

 be placed. A sharp knife and a good light are necessary for the 

 display of the muscular fibres. Occasionally the dissector will not 

 find one or more of the number described below. 



One muscle The muscle of the tragus (fig. 208, x ) is always found on the 



How to find 

 the muscles. 



on tragus. 



external aspect of the process from which it takes its name. The 



FIG. 208. 



MUSCLES OF THE OUTER SURFACE 

 OF THE EAR-CARTILAGE. 



1. Muscle of the tragus. 



2. Muscle of the antitragus. 



3. Large muscle of the helix. 



4. Small muscle of the helix. 



MUSCLES ON THE INNER 

 SURFACE OF THE EAR- 

 CARTILAGE. 



6. Transverse muscle. 



7. Oblique muscle some- 

 times seen. 



One ou 

 antitragus. 



One on root 

 of helix. 



Another on 

 helix. 



And one at 

 back of 

 concha. 



fibres are short, oblique, and extend from the outer to the inner 

 part of the tragus. 



The muscle of the antitragus (fig. 208, 2 ) is the best marked of all. 

 It arises from the outer part of the antitragus, and the fibres are 

 directed upwards to be inserted into the pointed extremity of the 

 antihelix. 



The small muscle of the helix (fig. 208, 4 ) is often indistinct or 

 absent. It is placed on the part of the rim of the ear that extends 

 into the concha. 



The large muscle of the helix (fig. 208, a ) arises above the small 

 muscle of the same part, and is inserted into the front of the helix, 

 where this is about to curve backwards. It is usually present. 



The transverse muscle of the auricle (fig. 208, 6 ) forms a wide layer 

 which is situate at the back of the ear in the depression between 

 the helix and the convexity of the concha. It arises from the con- 

 vexity of the cartilage forming the concha, and is inserted into the 



