606 



DISSECTION OF THE NECK. 



Posterior 

 auricular : 



a branch to 

 tympanum. 



Posterior 

 auricular 



Temporal 

 artery : 



termination 



branches 

 to parotid, 

 to articula- 

 tion, 



and to ear ; 



branch to 

 face ; 



branch to 

 temporal 

 muscle 



and fascia. 



Temporal 

 vein. 



Dissection. 



Trachea 



lies in neck 

 and thorax : 



size ; 



cervical vein. They communicate through the mastoid foramei 

 with the lateral sinus in the interior of the skull. 



The POSTERIOR AURICULAR ARTERY is smaller than the pre 

 ceding branch and takes origin above the digastric muscle. Betweei 

 the ear and the mastoid process, it divides into two branches for tht 

 ear and occiput (p. 503). 



A small branch (stylo-mastoid), enters the foramen of the sanit 

 name, and supplies the middle ear. 



The posterior auricular vein is of considerable size, and descends 

 over the upper end of the sterno-mastoid muscle to join tin 

 beginning of the external jugular. 



The SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERY (i) is one of the terminal 

 branches of the external carotid, and in direction forms the con 

 tinuation of that trunk. Ascending in the parotid gland and ovei 

 the posterior root of the zygoma, it divides on the temporal fascia 

 into anterior and posterior branches, which are distributed over th< 

 front and side of the head (p. 503). Before dividing the artery give, 

 off the following branches : 



a. Parotid branches are furnished to the gland of the same name 

 articular twigs to the articulation of the lower jaw ; and musculai 

 branches to the masseter. 



6. Some anterior auricular offsets are distributed to the pinna anc 

 meatus of the external ear. 



c. The transverse facial branch leaves the temporal artery close tu 

 its origin, and is directed forwards over the masseter muscle (p. 559). 

 On the side of the face it supplies the muscles and integuments, and 

 anastomoses with the facial artery. 



d. The middle temporal branch pierces the temporal aponeurosis 

 just above the zygoma, and enters the substance of the temporal 

 muscle : it anastomoses with the deep temporal branches of the 

 internal maxillary artery. 



e. A small orbital branch runs forwards between the layers of the 

 temporal fascia, and is distributed to the superficial structures near 

 the eye, anastomosing with an offset of the lachrymal artery. 



The temporal vein begins on the side of the head and lies 

 with its artery in front of the ear. Near the zygoma it is joined 

 by the middle temporal vein ; it then receives branches correspond- 

 ing to the other offsets of the artery ; and it ends by uniting with 

 the internal maxillary vein to form the temporo-maxillary trunk. 



Dissection. The trachea and O3sophagus in the neck are now 

 to l)e cleaned, but care should be taken not to injure the recurrent 

 laryngeal nerves or the sympathetic nerves behind and to the inner 

 side of the carotid sheath. 



The TRACHEA, or windpipe, is continued from the larynx to the 

 thorax, and ends by dividing into two tubes (bronchi), one for each 

 lung. It occupies the middle line of the body, and extends com- 

 monly from the lower part of the sixth cervical to the lower border 

 of the fourth dorsal vertebra, measuring about four inches and a 

 half in length, and nearly one in breadth. The front and sides of 

 the trachea are rounded in consequence of the existence of firm 



