THE SPOXGY BONES AND MEATUSES. 669 



angular space in front in the macerated skull is filled in the recent partly carti- 

 state by the curtilage of the septum, which forms part of the parti- la " inous - 

 tion between the nostrils, and supports the lateral cartilages. 

 Fixed between the vomer, the ethmoid, and the nasal bones, this 

 cartilage rests in front on the incisor crest of the superior maxillae, 

 and projects between the cartilages of the nostrils. The septum 

 nasi is commonly bent to one side. 



The OCTER WALL has the greatest extent and the most irregular Outer 

 surface. Seven bones enter into its formation, and they come in boundar y> 

 the following order from before backwards: the nasal and 

 superior maxillary ; the small lachrymal bone and the lateral mass 



FIG. 236. OUTER WALL OF THE NASAL CAVITY. 



1. Upper tnrbinate bone. 



2. Middle turbinate bone. 



3. Inferior turbinate bone. 



4. Flat part of the ethmoid bone. 



6. Upper meatus. 



7. Middle meatus. 



8. Lower meatus. 



9. Rudimentary fourth meatus. 



10. Vestibule. The cut also shows 

 the apertures of the glands of the 

 nose. 



of the ethmoid, with the inferior turbinate bone below these ; and 

 posteriorly the ascending part of the palate bone, with the internal 

 pterygoid plate of the sphenoid ; of these, the nasal, lachrymal, and formed of 

 ethmoid reach only about half way from roof to floor, and the many bone8 ' 

 inferior turbinate is confined to the lower half, while the others 

 extend the whole depth. In front of the bones, the lateral cartilages 

 complete this boundary. 



From this wall three slightly convoluted osseous plates, named is irregular 

 turbinate or spongy bones (fig. 236), project into the cavity : the m 

 upper ( J ) and middle (2) are processes of the ethmoid, but the lower FpongV 

 one ( 3 ) is a separate bone. The turbinate bones are confined to that bones 

 portion of the outer wall which is situate above the hard palate, hollows 



