22 THE ORIGIN OF HUMAN REASON. 



forms ; in the insectivorous plants (^Drosera and Dioncea, 

 and various others *) we have an adumbration of animal 

 life ; in the relatively complex higher Protozoa we have 

 structures (radically different in kind) which are an 

 adumbration of the organs of the Metazoa ; in the 

 Marsupials we meet with adumbrations of various 

 orders of placental mammals. Again, amongst the 

 latter, the lowly organized lemurs so prepare the way 

 for the apes that they were classed in one order 

 with them, and not even separated into a sub-order 

 by themselves, till we ourselves so separated them.f 

 However distinct, then, man may be, analogy would 

 lead us to expect to find amongst animals, some which 

 so far approach, and simulate in a lower order, human 

 characteristics, as to constitute a foreshadowing, or 

 adumbration, of man himself 



After quoting,J with seeming approval, a passage 

 from a presidential address delivered by us (to the 

 British Association, at Sheffield, in 1879), but objecting 

 to a criticism on Professor Huxley therein contained,§ 



* See " On Truth," p. 335. 



t See " Proceedings of the Zoological Society for 1864," P- 635. 



X p. 10. 



§ Speaking of the sensations of animals, Professor Huxley had 

 said (" Critiques and Addresses," p. 282), " What is the value of 

 the evidence which leads one to believe that one's fellow-man feels ? 

 The only evidence in this argument from analogy is the similarity 

 of his structure and of his actions to one's own, and if that is good 

 enough to prove that one's fellow-man feels, surely it is good 

 enough to prove that an ape feels," etc. We (who assert as 

 much as Professor Huxley can do) that animals truly feel, had 

 criticized this statement, saying, " Surely it is not by similarity of 

 structure or actions, but by language that men are placed in com- 

 munication with one another." This criticism of ours Mr. Romanes 



