MENTAL STATES AND PROCESSES. 75 



not be the sensitive powers of creatures whose whole 

 being is entirely given up to sensitivity, without its being 

 interfered with by any intellectual activity ! It should 

 surely cause us little wonder if we found them doing 

 many things altogether beyond our power under such 

 conditions to effect. That thirsty dogs should run into 

 hollows,* that an elephant should blow on the ground 

 beyond an object it wished to drive towards him, that a 

 bear should similarly draw near a piece of floating bread 

 by pawing the water, or that dogs, " accustomed to 

 tidal rivers or to swimming in the sea," should feel and 

 automatically allow for currents, need occasion no sur- 

 prise whatever. Such actions are surely just such as we 

 might confidently anticipate would take place under the 

 given circumstances. 



Mr. Darwin is quoted f as having written about a 

 bitch of his, which, on hearing the words, " Hi, hi, where 

 is it ? " rushed and looked about, even up into trees. 

 He is also quoted as having asked, " Now, do not these 

 actions clearly show that she had in her mind a general 

 idea that some animal is to be discovered and hunted ? " 

 To this we reply. No doubt the hearing of such words 

 uttered, as we are told, " in an eager voice," excited the 

 dog's emotions, and raised phantasmata (images) in its 

 consentience — awoke reminiscences of before-experi- 

 enced groups of smells, sounds, colours, and motions, and 

 relations of various kinds between them — but this is 

 very different from a " general idea." In other words, 

 imaginary recepts were aroused in the dog, but not 

 percepts, and, therefore, no such thing as a mental 

 *p. 51. t p. 52. 



