243 



(p. 121), thus occur on both surfaces, and the same is the 

 case with the stomata (in contrast to the statement made by 

 VOLKENS 1. c. p. 109). On the other hand, the long hairs 

 are only found on the lower side. The leaf otherwise is 

 dorsiventral with two layers of palisade cells on the upper 

 side and a rather loose spongy parenchyma. 



Crozophora gracilis F. & M. 



An herbaceous plant with outspread branches and long- 

 stalked ovate-cordate leaves which are covered on both surfaces 

 with a thick felt of stellate hairs. The plant occurs in places 

 w T here the soil is not too dry, and it is still in flower in the 

 month of July. The leaf is dorsiventral with one layer of 

 long palisade cells on the upper surface, and one layer of 

 short ones on the lower; there is no aqueous tissue. Crystal- 

 cells are present in considerable number. The epidermis 

 consists of one layer and has slightly sunk stomata on 

 both leaf- surf aces. 



Euphorbia Turczaninowii Kar. Kir. 



(E. carnosa Pauls.). 



A thick-leaved, green, glabrous plant, attaining the 

 height of about 10 centimetres. Like the previous species 

 it occurs in more favourable localities. It is rarely found 

 in flower in July although it frequently has fruits at that 

 time of the year. The sessile, broad leaves are directed 

 obliquely upwards, and are isolateral in structure. There is 

 a thin epidermis with slightly sunk stomata on both surfaces. 



Euphorbia cheirolepis F. & M. 



An erect plant with rather long internodes; habitat the 

 sand-desert. The leaves are about one centimetre long, 

 petiolate, obovate, spinose-toothed; the upper surface is shining 

 and cobweb-haired, the lower is almost w r oolly-haired. They 

 are dorsiventral, yet with stomata (slightly sunk) both above 

 and below. The epidermis is thin. The dorsal side has a layer 



16* 



