86 A Study of the Vegetation of 



fungi as well as such saprophytes as Corallorhiza spp. and Ptero- 

 spora andromedea appears meager indeed to one accustomed to 

 the rich fungal flora of an eastern deciduous forest. 



The following lists indicate the shrubs, herbs, and some fungi 

 commonly found in well developed mesophytic forests : 



Chimaphila umbellata Ribes lacustre 



Lonicera utahensis . Rosa pisocarpa 



Menziesia ferruginea Rubits parviflorus 



Pachistima myrsinites Sambucits melanocarpa 



Pyrus sitchensis Vaccinium macrophyllum 



Ribes i'iscosissimum 



Actaea spicata arguta Linnaea borealis longi flora 



Adenocaulon bicolor Mitella stauropetala 



Anemone piperi Osmorhiza dlvaricata 



Arnica cordifolia Pyrola spp. 



Asarum caudatum Streptopus majus 



Clintonia uniflora Thalictrum occidentale 



Coptis occidentalis Tiarella unifoliata 



Disporum majus Trillium ovatum 



Fragaria spp. Vagnera amplexicaulis 

 Galium spp. 



Boletus sp. Morchella bispora 



Clavaria spp. Morchella spp. 



Coprinus comatus Peziza spp. 



Gyromitra esculenta Sarcosoma globosum 



These changes in the shrubby and herbaceous populations from 

 the less mesophytic to the more mesophytic members as the suc- 

 cession advances are no less characteristic than the changes in the 

 lichen flora which abounds on the trees. While in open pine 

 woodland the trees are often covered with the yellowish and gray- 

 ish patches of Letharia vulpina and Parmelia physodes, in the 

 early stages of the Douglas fir-tamarack community these lichens 

 give way especially to species of Alectoria. Of these the long 

 pendant thallus of A. fremonti is especially characteristic, while 



86 



