Xll CONTENTS. 



SECT. II. Operations of Culture continued. PAGE 



square shield. 690. Shield-budding with a terminal bud. 691. Flute- 

 budding, or tube-budding. 692. Flute-budding in spring. 693. Ter- 

 minal flute -budding. 694. Flute-budding with strips of bark. 695. 

 Annular budding. 696. The after-care of grafts by budding. 



SUBSECT. II. Rearing 308 



1. Transplanting and Planting ' 309 



698. To transplant. 699. The uses of transplanting. 700. The 

 theory of transplanting. 701. Seedlings. 702. Deciduous trees and 

 shrubs, and perennial herbaceous plants. 703.Whether deciduous trees 

 and shrubs ought to be transplanted in autumn or spring. 704. Different 

 modes of transplanting large trees and shrubs. 705. Transplanting with 

 large balls of earth. 706. Transplanting by shortening the roots, so 

 as to induce them to throw out fibres. 707. Sir Henry Steuart's prac- 

 tice in transplanting large trees. 708. Pulling down the tree and rais- 

 ing it out of the pit. 709. Transporting and replanting the tree. 

 710. Transplanting by shortening the roots, without permitting them 

 to throw out fibres at their extremities. 711." Transplanting by thin- 

 ning and pruning the roots and branches. 712. The removal of large 

 trees and shrubs. 713. Transplanting by heading-in, that is, cutting 

 in the branches. 714. The staking or supporting of newly-trans- 

 planted trees, and the protection of their stems from cattle. 715. The 

 machinery for moving large trees. 716. Transplanting evergreens. 

 717. The best season for transplanting evergreens. 718. The drying 

 of the roots of evergreens. 719. Planting evergreens. 720. Trans- 

 planting evergreens with balls. 721. The machines and implements 

 for transplanting large shrubs with balls. 722. Packing evergreens. 

 723. Methods of planting small plants. 724. Planting with the dibber. 

 725. Planting with the trowel. 726. Planting in drills. 727. Laying 

 in by the heels. 728. Trench-plan ting. 729. Slit-planting. 730. Hole- 

 planting. 731. Planting in pits. 732. Hole-planting, and fixing with 

 water. 733. Planting in puddle. 734. Planting out plants which have 

 been grown in pots. 735. Watering, mulching, and staking newly- 

 planted plants. 736. Taking up previously to~ planting. 737. As a 

 summary of general rules for planting. 



2. Potting and Repotting or Shifting . . . .329 



738. To pot a plant. 739. The main object of growing plants in pots. 

 740. The disadvantages of growing plants in pots. 741. Potting. 742. 

 The same soil which is suitable for the open garden is not always suitable 

 for using in pots. 743. Bottom drainage. 744. The mode of sowing or 

 planting in a pot. 745. Transplanting from the free soil into a pot or 

 box. 746. Care of newly potted or shifted plants. 747. Shifting or re- 

 potting. 748. Seasons and times for potting and shifting. 749. The most 

 difficult plants to manage in pots. 750. Growing hardy plants in pots. 



3. Pruning . . . . . . 335 



752. The specific principles on which pruning is founded, and 

 its general effects. 753. Forest-trees. 754. Ornamental trees. 

 755. Ornamental shrubs. 756. Fruit-trees and shrubs. 757. 

 Herbaceous plants. 758. Close pruning. 759. Shortening-in. 760. 

 Fore-shortening. 761. Spurring-in. 762. Heading-in. 763. Lopping. 

 764. Close lopping. 765. Snag-lopping. 766. Lopping-in. 767. 

 Cutting down. 768. Stopping and pinching out. 769. Disbarking. 

 770. Ringing. 771. Disbudding. 772. Disleafing. 773. Slitting and 

 splitting. 774. Bruising and tearing. 775. Clipping. 776. Root- 

 pruning. 777. Girdling and felling. 778. The girdling machine. 

 779. The seasons for pruning. 



l. Thinning . . . . . 349 



781. Seedling crops in gardens. 782. Thinning plantations. 783. 



Thinning ornamental plantations. 



5,_ Training . . . . . . .351 



