292 



GRAFTING BY DETACHED SCIONS. 



grafting is over, and when the bark may be easily separated from the stock. 



The scion, which must be smaller than the stock, is split up between two and 

 fe three inches from its lower end, so as to have one 

 side stronger than the other. This strong side is 

 then prepared and introduced between the bark 

 and wood, as ill rind-grafting ; while the thinner 

 division is fitted to the opposite side of the stock. 

 Mr. Knight, \vhodescribesthismodeofgrafting, 

 says, that grafts of the apple and pear rarely ever 

 fail by it, and that it may be practised with suc- 

 cess either in spring, or with young wood in July, 

 as soon as that has become moderately firm and 

 mature (see Hort. Trans. , and Encyclo. of Gard., 

 ed. 1835, p. 653). Saddle-grafting, in whichever 

 Saddle- wa y performed, has the advantage over all others 

 grafting, in presenting the largest surface of the alburnum Fig. 210. Herefordshire 



of the scion to receive the ascending sap of the stock, and saddle grafting. 



at the same time without causing it to deviate from its natural course ; which 



it is made to do to a certain extent, when the scion is put on one side of the 



stock only, as in splice-grafting and side-grafting. 



656. Side-grafting is nothing more than splice-grafting performed on 

 the side of a stock, the head of which is not cut off. It is sometimes 

 practised on fruit-trees to supply a branch in a vacancy, or for the sake 

 of having different kinds of fruits upon the same tree ; but it is better 

 for the latter purpose to graft on the side branches, because, in consequence 

 of the flow of the sap not being interrupted by being headed down, the 

 success of this kind of grafting is more uncertain than almost any other 

 mode. In grafting the lateral branches of fruit-trees, it is always desirable, 

 in order to ensure success, to have corresponding buds in the scion and the 

 stock, as in fig. 211. What the French call veneer-grafting, fig. 212, is 



a variety of side-grafting, in which the scion 

 e is prepared to fit into the stock /, which 

 has a notch at the lower extremity of the 

 incision, for the scion to rest on. This mode 

 of grafting is practised with orange-trees, 

 camellias, &c., in pots ; and after the opera- 

 tion is completed, the grafted plant is plunged 



.in heat, and closely covered with a bell- 

 Fig. 211. Graflinr/ the lateral branches * , TT ni <> ' T ^ e -j 



of fruit-trees. " S lass - Fl - 213 1S a Peculiar mode of side- 



grafting the vine, which is performed in 



November, when both scion and stock are in a dormant state, in which the 

 scions a and 6, being prepared as in the figure, and inserted and bandaged, 

 instead of being clayed, they are surrounded with a mass of mould. About 

 a month afterwards the plant is plunged in a mild heat, and in about three 

 weeks the buds from the scions will be seen emerging from the mould with 

 which they are surrounded. (See Gard. Mag.., vol. xii., p. 172.) 



657. Wedge-grafting (fig. 214), which is a modification of side-grafting, 

 has been very successful in grafting Cedrus Deodara, on the cedar of 

 Lebanon. The scions, c, are chosen of the preceding year's wood, from three 

 to five inches in length, and they are inserted in either one or two-years old 

 wood, as may be convenient, and as near the top of the stock as is practicable, 



