TRAINING. 363 



branches and their subordinates. An improvement on this mode of training 

 as applied to the peach-tree was made by Dumoutier, and is described by 

 Lelieur, in his " Pomone Fran9oise ;" another, by Sieulle (a cultivator at 

 Montreuil, to whom we were introduced, in 1819, by M. Thouin), is 

 described in Neill's Horticultural Tour, and in the first edition of our 

 Encyclopaedia, of 'Gardening ; and a third improvement has been recently made 

 in the Montreuil training, by F. Malot, a cultivator at Montreuil, which 

 consists in first covering the lower part of the wall, by preventing any shoots 

 from being produced from the upper sides of the two main branches till the 

 part of the wall below them is covered. This mode is described in the 

 Annales d? Horticulture de Paris for 1841, and in the Bon JardinierfoY 1842. 

 A fourth mode of fan-training, is what is called Seymour's, which, on prin- 

 ciple, appears to be the most perfect of all modes of training, and to which 

 the nearest approach made by the French gardeners is that called the 

 Palmette a la Dumoutier, alluded to above. A fifth mode is the curvilinear 

 fan- training of Mr. Hay ward, which is good in principle ; but which has 

 not yet been much adopted, notwithstanding some excellent points which 

 it exhibits. If we describe the common English mode of fan-training, 

 Seymour's mode, and Hay ward's mode, the other variations will be readily 

 understood. In fact, there can be no difficulty with any mode of training, 

 provided the operator possesses beforehand a clear conception of the form to 

 be produced, and bears in mind the power of buds, and the influence on that 

 power of elevation and depression. 



801 . Fan-training in the common English manner. The following direc- 

 tions for this mode of training are by an excellent practical gardener : The 

 maiden plant is to be headed down to four eyes, placed in such a manner as 

 to throw out two shoots on each side, as shown in fig. 285. The following sea- 

 son the two up- 

 permost shoots 

 are to be headed 

 down to three 



Fig. 285. Fan-training, first, e yes, placed in 



stage ' such a manner 



as to throw out one leading shoot, and 

 one shoot on each side ; the two lower- Fig . m . Fan-training, second stage. 

 most shoots are to be headed down to two 



eyes, so as to throw out one leading shoot, and one shoot on the uppermost side, 

 as shown in fig. 286. We have now five leading shoots on each side, well 

 placed, to form our future tree. Each of these shoots must be placed in 

 the exact position in which it is to remain ; and as it is these shoots 

 which are to form the leading character of the future tree, none of them are 

 to be shortened. The tree should by no means be suffered to bear any 

 fruit this year. Each shoot must now be suffered to produce, besides the 

 leading shoot at the extremity, two other shoots on the uppermost side, 

 one near to the bottom, and one about midway up the stem ; there must also 

 be one shoot on the undermost side, placed about midway between the other 

 two. All the other shoots must be pinched off in their infant state. The 

 tree will then assume, at the end of the third year, the appearance shown 

 in fig. 287. From this time it may be allowed to bear what crop of fruit 

 the gardener thinks it able to carry ; in determining which he ought never 

 to overrate the vigour of the tree. All of these shoots, except the leading 



