ADAPTED FOR AN ORCHARD. 



433 



Cherries. 



Duke. 

 tRoyal Duke. 

 tKnight's early Black. 

 tElton. 

 tDownton. 

 fBigarreau. 

 tBlack Eagle. 

 Early Purple Guigne. 

 tLate Duke. 

 tKentish. 

 tMorello. 

 Biittner's October Morello. 



Plums. 



tRoyal Hative. 

 tGreen Gage. 



Dessert Plums. 

 t Purple Gage 

 t Washington. 

 fCoe's Golden Drop, 

 t Jackworth Imperatrice. 

 White Imperatrice. 

 tKirke's. 



fCoe's fine late Red. 

 tDrap d'Or. 

 f Drapee Rouge, 

 t Nectarine. 

 Virgin. 



Kitchen Plums. 

 Shropshire Damson. 

 Orleans, 

 t Early Orleans. 

 Mirabelle. 



910. Training. All the trees may be allowed to take their natural shapes, 

 taking care, by pruning them for some years after they are planted, to give 

 their main branches an upright direction, diverging from the main stem at 

 an angle not greater than 45, that they may be the better able to support 

 a load of fruit. With many kinds, however, such is the divergent or pen- 

 dulous character of the branches that this direction cannot be given to them, 

 in which case the object should be, to increase the number of main branches 

 so as to lessen the load to each. This is particularly necessary in the case 

 of apples and pears. 



911. Culture of the soil. Where fruit is the main object, the soil ought 

 never either to be cropped with vegetables or laid down in grass, because hi 

 both cases the trees are deprived of nourishment. In the case of grass, air 

 is excluded ; and in orchards where culinary vegetables are grown, the roots 

 are prevented from coming up to the surface, and being forced into the sub- 

 soil, feed there on a more watery nutriment, which produces shoots of 

 spongy wood without blossom-buds, and in many cases infested with canker. 

 Where the surface is kept in grass, there is less danger from canker and 

 spongy shoots, provided the trees have been planted on hills ; but in this 

 case, from want of nourishment, the fruit will be smaller and less succulent. 

 If, however, the soil is naturally good, and occasionally manured on the 

 surface, more and better flavoured fruit will be produced in such an orchard 

 than in one cropped with culinary vegetables. As no orchard can be pas- 

 tured unless each separate tree is inclosed, which, where the ground is 

 properly covered with trees, would probably cost more than the pasture 

 was worth, it will in general be found better, where grass must be intro- 

 duced, to mow it and supply manure, till the stems of the trees are so large 

 as to be able to protect themselves. It is almost unnecessary to observe, 

 that as soon as the branches of the trees approach within two feet or three 

 feet of each other, the branches of the temporary trees should be shortened 

 in (759), and soon after removed by degrees, so as at all times to leave a clear 

 space of five feet or six feet round the head of every tree. 



