456 



1'ROPAGATING, PRUNING, AND TRAINING THE VINE. 



JL 



the wall or trellis is low, the system need not be carried farther ; the long 

 shoot will produce the fruit-bearing shoots of next year, after which it will 

 be cut out, and its place taken by the shoot pro- 

 duced from the short shoot ; which, having pro- 

 duced its fruit, will be cut away in its turn, to 

 Fig. 343. Renewal niake room for the young shoot that will have 

 priming, first year, been produced on the other side; and thus the 

 operation might be carried on for a number of years. Fig.344. 



The fourth year. Supposing the wall or the trellis to be of a ^ m e 

 the usual height, then the fourth year bunches will be shown 

 at every joint of the long shoot, but it will weaken the vine too much to 

 allow more than two or three to come to maturity. Two shoots will be pro- 

 >. duced from those cut down, and probably 



a third from the base of the stock. These, 

 in autumn, when the leaves have dropped, 

 should be cut down, as in fig. 346. The 

 house or the wall we may now suppose 

 filled from top to bottom ; the fruit in 

 the lower part of the wall or house being 

 produced by the young wood a,&, and that 

 in the upper part from the young wood 

 c, d, in fig. 346. 



The fifth year, the crop being produced 

 on a, 6, and c, d, a shoot will have been 

 produced from &, which will reach the 

 top of the wall and take the place at the 

 winter pruning of the long shoot, 6, c, rf, 

 while the shoot from e will take the place 

 of a, &, as shown in fig. 347. Next year 

 Fig. 345. Renewal the shoot from e becomes the main shoot, 

 pruning, third year, and the shoot from /, the secondary shoot 

 the middle one being cut out ; and thus the alternation 

 of shoots may go on for a great number of years. 



963. The spurring-in method of pruning consists in re- 

 taining only one shoot the entire height of the wall or trellis, 

 and shortening the laterals at every winter's pruning to two 

 or three eyes ; or when the vines are very strong, cutting 

 the laterals entirely off, leaving the young fruit-bearing 

 shoots to be produced from the adventitious buds at their 

 base. In general every alternate bud is cut out, so as to 

 have only half the number of laterals as the shoot has 

 produced buds ; and sometimes two buds are cut out for 

 one that is left, when the vine is of a sort that has a large 

 leaf or a large bunch ; the object being to prevent the shoot 

 from being too much crowded by laterals. 



Fig. 346. Renewal 

 pruning, fourth year 



964. The fan-system of vine -training is effected by short- 

 ening the shoots as they advance in growth during summer, so as to cause 

 them to divaricate and produce the appearance of a common fan-trained 

 fruit-tree. It is sometimes used in vineries where one plant fills the whole 

 house, and requires no farther description. 



965. The Thomery system of training is chiefly calculated for the open 



