PLATES (PAGES) v AND vr. 



HENNEPIN'S MAP OF NEW FRANCE, 1683. 



The map of Hennepin, 1683, by which lake Buade, or lake Mille Lacs, is repre- 

 sented as northwestward from lake Superior instead of southwestward, is probably 

 responsible for the same error in Franquelin's map (Plate II), made in 1688 and in 

 others. Yet in his narrative Hennepin describes this lake as situated " about seventy 

 leagues west of lake Conde." The Mississippi river is conjecturally represented 

 by a dotted line as flowing into the gulf of Mexico. The Illinois river is named 

 Seignelay; the Wisconsin is called Oisconsins; above that is the river Noire, or 

 Black river; the next above, on the east, is river des Boeufs; the St. Croix is styled 

 R. du Tombeau, and between it and Rum river, which is denominated the St. 

 Francis, is a water connection of lakes and streams. There is one river above the 

 St. Francis, but unnamed. The Mississippi is represented as having no tributaries 

 from the west, and as flowing between two ranges of mountains from the falls of St. 

 St. Anthony to some distance below the Wisconsin. These mountains are simply 

 the rock-bluffs of the river valley consisting of horizontal strata cut by the river 

 itself. Lake Pepin is named " Lac des Pleurs; " Mille Lacs is Lac Buade, name given 

 by Duluth; lake Superior is Conde ou Superior. 



The coat of arms of France (fleur de lis), probably as established by Duluth, is 

 represented at the most northwesterly point on the map, surmounted by a figure of 

 the cross, and beneath it are inscribed these words: 



Armes du Roy telle 



guelle sont Grauee 



sur I'escorce d'un 



Chesne a Vendroit 



marque A. 



The point indicated by A is at the west shore of lake Buade, and probably 

 indicates the place (Kathio) where Hennepin was held in captivity, and the location 

 of the Indians at that time. 



North from lake Buade are represented lakes and streams, with missions of the 

 Recollects, the order to which Hennepin belonged. Les Hanctons, or later the 

 Ihanktonwan, Indians are represented as residing beside some waters to the north 

 of lake Buade, and still further north are the Changaskobe ou Nation des Forts, 

 which probably refers to the Chippewas, who then dominated lake Superior. Toward 

 the west further is the Lac des Assenipoils, or Poualak, and to the northeast from 

 lake Buade are the Oua de Battons ou gens de Riviere. 



