CROW WING AND MORRISON COUNTIES, 1888. WARREN UPHAM. 



The glacial deposits show gravel plains along the Mississippi river formed by 

 drainage which converged from the northwest and northeast in the later part of the 

 ice age. Some of the old glacial streams, existing while the ice was on the ground 

 and confined by it between walls of ice, seem to be indicated by the kame-like ridges 

 seen in Ripley, along the Platte valley, and by those that exist southeastwardly 

 from lake Alexander. 



Most of the drift seen at the surface in these counties came from the northeast. 

 It is characterized by numerous boulders, many of which are of the green, gray and 

 red igneous rocks of the region of lake Superior. The till of the southwestern por- 

 tion of Morrison county, including three or four towns, and much of the gravel of 

 the western part of the county carried eastward by the glacial drainage, partake of 

 the characters of the gray till. 



These counties are well supplied with timber and with water-power. They 

 have clay for brick and abundant stone for construction. The brick clay at a mile 

 northeast from Brainerd, making a cream-colored brick, is extensive, having been 

 found by borings, for nearly a mile along the river, with a width of half a mile. 



Quartz chippings, made by aboriginal man, are abundant in the surface loam 

 at Little Falls. It is still unsettled whether these chippings are wholly post-glacial or 

 coeval with the departure of the ice. They may be as late as the present Indians, 

 since such quartz arrow-points occur at Mille Lacs amongst the debris left by the 

 Issati Sioux. N. H. w. 



