BRACHIOPODA. 351 



Liogula beltrami.] 



Lingula quadrata, as identified by Hall,* and Billings,! we regard as identical 

 with L, rectilateralis Emmons.J This species occurs in the Trenton, Utica slate and 

 Loraine groups of New York and eastern Canada, and differs but slightly, if any, 

 from L. iowensis Owen. The characteristic striated hinge areas of L. iowensis Owen 

 and L. cincinnatiensis Hall and Whitfield have not been observed in L. rectilateralis 

 Emmons. Should these parts eventually be discovered in the latter species, L. 

 ioivensis Owen will then give place to L. rectilateralis, as the latter has two years' 

 priority over the former. Professor Hall in 1847** regarded Emmons' species as a 

 synonym of L. quadrata Eichwald, while Whitfieldff regarded this form as identiccal 

 with L. iowensis Owen. 



We have seen four specimens of typical Lingula quadrata Eichwald from Estho- 

 nia in the collection of Mr. Ulricb, and these prove beyond a doubt that none of the 

 American forms identified with this species are correctly named. The Russian species 

 is larger, with very strongly convex valves and a more narrowly rounded anterior 

 margin than in L. iowensis, L. rectilateralis, or L. cincinnatiensis Hall and Whitfield. 



Formation and locality. Throughout the Galena horizon of Wisconsin, Iowa and Minnesota. Some 

 of the more prominent localities of Minnesota are Fountain, Mantorville, Kenyon, Aspelund and Hader. 



From the Hudson River group near Wykoff and Spring Valley, Minnesota, Mr. Uirich has collected 

 four specimens which apparently cannot be separated from this species. They may, however, prove to be 

 dwarfed or young individuals of Lingula beltrami, since this species also occurs in the above mentioned 

 region. 



Collectors. W. U. Scofleld, A. D. Meeds and the authors. 

 Mus. Reg. Nos. 2372, 3389, 7677-7680. 



LINGULA BELTKAMI, n. sp. 



FIG, 25. Lingula beltrami. 



In form and convexity of valves this species closely resembles L, iowensis, but 

 attains a larger size with greater convexity of -valves and a more subquadrate 

 anterior margin. From L. cincinnatiensis Hall and Whitfield it can readily be 

 distinguished in being wider, with valves not quite so convex and the cardinal slopes 



*1847. Pal. New York, vol, i, p. 96, pi. xxx, fig. 4; p. 285, pi. LXXIX, flg. 1. 



+ 1856. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, vol. i, p. 319, flg. 8. 



*1842. Geology of New York; Report of the Second District, p. 399, flg. 6. 



**Loc. clt.. p. 285. t+Loc. cit., p. 242 



S LintiulrMtl (Digtiamla) ctnclnnatienste Hall ,-ind Whitfield, Pal. of Ohio, vol. ii, p. 67, pi. I, figs. 2. 3; 1875. 



