BRACHIOPODA. 445 



Orthis (Dalmunella) testudinaria, var. emacerata.] 



central Kentucky, and near Nashville, Tennessee; New York and eastern Canada. In the Salmon River 

 group, or Lorraine shales, at Graf, Iowa: Iron R.idge, Wisconsin; Cincinnati. Ohio; New York; Anticosti, 

 and Silver City, New Mexico; Chazy group of New York and Canada. It is also found ia Lower Silurian 

 rocks in England, Scotland, Ireland, Sweden and on the island of Sardinia. 



Mus. Reg. Nos. 790, 3511, 4035, 5856, 6766, 6806, 7892-7398, 7898-7909. 



ORTHIS (DALMANELLA) TESTUDINARIA, var. EMACERATA Hall. 



PLATE XXXIII. FIGS. 23 and 24. 



1860. Orthis emacerata HALL. Thirteenth Report, N. Y. State Cabinet of Natural History, p. 121. 



1862. Orthis emacerata HALL. Ibidem, Fifteenth Report, pi. n, figs. 1-3. 



1862. Orthis emacerata BILLINGS. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, vol. vii, p. 393. 



1874 Orthis cyeltis JAMES. Cincinnati Quarterly Journal of Science, vol. i, p. 19. 



1875. Orthis emacerata MILLER. Ibidem, vol. ii, p. 24. 



1883. Orthis emacerata HALL. Second Annual Report, New York State Geologist, pi. xxxrv, 



flgs. 14, 15. 



1892. Dalmanella emacerata HALL. Palaeontology of New York, vol. viii.pp. 207, 224, pi. vC, flgs. 1, 2. 

 1892. Orthis macrior SARDESON. Bulletin of the Minnesota Academy of Natural Sciences, vol. iii, 



p. 330, pi. v, flgs. 5-7. 



Original description: "Shell semielliptical, length and width about as five to 

 seven; hinge-line nearly equaling the width of the shell. Dorsal valve flat, with a 

 slight depression down the center; area extremely narrow. Ventral valve depressed- 

 convex, slightly elevated at the beak, which is inclined over the area, but scarcely 

 incurved; an undefined elevation, extending from the umbo toward the front and 

 sometimes quite to the margin of the shell; area narrow, almost linear. 



"Surface finely striated; stride bifurcating, curving upwards and running out 

 on the hinge-line. Interior of the dorsal valve with two small teeth and a small 

 cardinal process; valves thin. 



"This species has the form and general characters of Orthis testudinaria, but the 

 shell is much thinner than that species ordinarily is in the same formation, and the 

 strise are finer, there being at least twenty more on the margin in shells of equal 

 size. The depression in the center of the dorsal valve and elevation in the center 

 of the ventral valve are far less conspicuous or scarcely marked in some specimens, 

 while the hinge-line is always proportionately longer than in 0. testudinaria." For 

 further remarks see 0. testudinaria. 



Formation and locality. Rare in the Hudson River group at Spring Valley and Granger, Minnesota. 

 It is common at Cincinnati at a horizon about 300 feet above the low water mark of the Ohio river; St. 

 Croix, Quebec. 



Collectors. W. H. Scofleld and the writers. 



Mus. Reg. Nos. 7917, 7934. 



ORTHIS (DALMA.NELLA) TESTUDINARIA, var. MEEKI Miller. 



PLATE XXXIII. FIGS. 25-29. 



1873. Orthis emacerata MEEK (non Hall) Paleontology of Ohio. vol. i, p. 10!), pi. vm, flgs. I, 2. 

 1875. Orthis meeki MILLER. Cincinnati Quarterly Journal of Science, vol. il, p. 20. 



