160 GEOLOGY OF EASTERN WISCONSIN. 



The Artesian wells of Watertown belong to two classes, the one, 

 including the greater number, arising from the Trenton limestone, 

 the other embracing the deeper wells from the St. Peters sandstone. 

 The first class vary in depth from 18 feet to 100 feet; the second 

 from the latter depth to 215 feet. 



One of the most interesting of the latter class is located near the 

 shops of the Milwaukee & St. Paul Bail way Company, to whom it 

 belongs. The following record was furnished Dr. Lapham through 

 the kindness of Mr. G. W. Waring, who superintended the work of 

 sinking it: 



Depth of soil 50 feet. 



Depth of limestone 57 " 



Depth of sandstone 108 " 



Total.. . 215 " 



"Water began to flow when a depth of 107 feet was reached, and 

 could be raised 10 feet above the surface. 



The two following brief records will sufficiently illustrate this class. 

 They were furnished through the courtesy of Mr. S. S. Woodward, 

 who has taken a deep interest in the subject: 



Drift 10 feet. 15 feet. 



Limestone ." 93 " 103 " 



Sandstone . 23 " 



Total 103 " 141 



If we assume that the flow of the former was from the surface of 

 the St. Peters sandstone, the upper face of the sandstone will be 107 

 feet, 103 feet, and 118 feet, respectively, below the surface, at the 

 three wells, facts which may be of service in sinking others. 



The first one, that of the Eailway Co., is 243 feet above Lake Mich- 

 igan, and hence its bottom is 28 feet above the lake level. 



The source of supply for both classes seems to lie to the west of 

 north, where, both near and distant, occur many depressions entrapped 

 between limestone and drift ridges, giving abundant superficial reser- 

 voirs, while in this direction also may be found the outcropping edge 

 of the sandstone. This sandstone likewise comes to the surface to the 

 west of Watertown, but the low elevation in that region seems to in- 

 dicate that the flow is not from that quarter. The western edge of 

 the sandstone, where it comes to the surface, follows the east bank of 

 the Crawfish river, from Lowell to Aztalan, and at no point between 

 those places has it an elevation much greater than the railroad junc- 

 tion at Watertown. It is not to be expected then that fountains can 

 be obtained from the St. Peters sandstone, which will flow at a much 



