GALENA LIMESTONE. 311 



gray. The specific gravity is high. Geodes are common, and are usually filled with cal- 

 cite in a great variety of forms of crystallization, and with pyrite, also in unusual variety 

 of forms and colors. Zinc blende is also quite common, and more rarely, Galena. This 

 combination often gives to these geodes a very beautiful and interesting appearance. 

 Sheets of iron pyrites, filling vertical fissures, sometimes traverse the quarries. Zinc 

 blende is sometimes found in small lumps in the interior of the beds. Fossils are some- 

 what rare in this portion, Receptaculites Oweni being most frequent. Columns of Schiz- 

 ocrinus, and a fragment of an Endoceras were also found by diligent search. 



The upper portion of the quarry consists of alternating beds of limestone and shale, 

 the whole having a greenish gray color. The limestone is much more impure and less 

 crystalline than that below, and of a less firm character. These beds, and more especi- 

 ally the associated shales, are quite fossiliferous. Among the species represented are 

 the following: 



Small spherical bodies (sponges?), Chcetetes lycoperdon, C. discoideus, a new species 

 of C. (branching form), Zaphrentis (res. Streptelasma multilamellosum), Schizocrinus 

 nodosus? (large size column), Homocrinus, a new species of Stictopom, a new species of 

 Trematoporn, a new species of Lingula, Crania scabiosa on Streptelasma, Orthis lynx, 

 0. plicatella? 0. testudinaria, 0. tricenaria, Streptorhynchus deltoideum, Sfrophomcna 

 alternate/,, S. camerata, S. incrassata, Leptcena sericea, Zygospira recuvirostris, a new 

 species of Rhynchonella, Ambonychia radiata? Cypricardites (internal cast), Tellinomya 

 (internal cast) Euomphalus, Murchisonia bellicincta = M. Major, Bellerophon biloba- 

 tus, Illcenus taurus (pygidium), Calymene senaria, Harpes? (fragment of cheek spine), 

 Ceraurus pleurexanthemus. 



A specimen of Receptaculites Oweni was found in the rock pile, adjacent to the quar- 

 ries, and was believed to have come from the upper layers. 



It will be best to reserve a discussion of the interesting facts here presented until the 

 data furnished farther north are before us, and while noting on the map the position 

 and stratigraphical relations of these quarries, pass on along the strike of the formation 

 to the vicinity of Neenah. 



About a mile southeast of this place, the rock comes to the surface and is quar- 

 ried to the depth of a few feet. Like the upper portion of the quarries at Oshkosh, 

 there is an alternation of impure limestone and shale. There is also present a coarse, 

 granular crystalline rock of firmer texture than the remaining layers. The dip is irreg- 

 ular, varying from 8 downwards. Some layers, especially the shaly ones, are quite fos- 

 siliferous. The following species occur here: 



ButhotrejMs succulens, Graptolites, Choetetes lycoperdon, and a new species having 

 a branching form, discs of Schizocrinus, plates of Crinoids, two new species of Tre- 

 matopora, two new species of Stictopora, a Ptilodictya, Lingula quadrata, Orthis lynx, 

 0. pectinella, 0. testudinaria, and a new species, Hemipronites Americanus, Strepto- 

 rhynchus deltoideum, Leptcena sericea (small one) Zygospira modesta; a new species of 

 Rhynchonella, an undetermined species of Ambonychia, and of Euomphalus, Raphis- 

 toma lenticularis (small), Helicotoma planulata, Murchisonia bellicincta, M. Gracilis, 

 Conularia Trentonensis, an Orthoceras, a Cyrtoceras, Leperditia fabulites, Ill&nus 

 lowensis, I. taurus, Calymene senaria and Dalmania callicephalas. 



The facies of this fauna, as well as the nature of the beds, show a somewhat wide 

 departure from the character of the typical Galena limestone, and a close alliance with 

 the Upper Blue beds of the Trenton; but the facts yet to be given will, it is believed, 

 justify the position to which they are assigned. 



Three miles north of this, in the town of Menasha (Sec. 11, E hf . of S. W. qr.), are two 

 quarries only a short distance apart, but owing to the irregular nature of the dip, it is 

 not clear precisely what relation they sustain to each other. The quarry south of Mr. 

 Hunt's house consists of impure argillaceous greenish blue limestone, alternating with 



