MINES BEETOWN DISTRICT. 695 



any features of geological or mineralogical interest; and in nearly all cases the owners 

 have been found ready to afford every facility for investigating and obtaining infor- 

 mation. 



Mining is a business in which change is the rule and not the exception, it is therefore 

 probable that some changes may have occurred since the commencement of the survey 

 which are not here recorded, although it has been our aim to discover and incorporate 

 them in the following report. The mines of the Lead region will be considered under 

 separate districts, as, in fact, they are geographically distributed. 



The visitor in the Lead region will constantly hear the terms " Brown rock," " Glass 

 rock," " Pipe-clay opening," etc., used by the miners to designate the different strata 

 in which they work This would be an advantageous system, were it not that the sev- 

 eral names are applied to widely different strata by persons in the several districts. The 

 term " Glass rock," for instance, is indiscriminately applied to all the strata in the Buff, 

 Blue and Galena limestones. The following section is given as a general guide in un- 

 derstanding the relative position and thickness of the strata and openings, to which ref- 

 erence will occasionally be made in the subsequent pages. The section, however, will 

 not be found of universal application, but merely shows the strata as their position is 

 now understood by the most intelligent and systematic miners. In practice, the most 

 reliable plan for determining the geological position of an ore bed or mine is, to find the 

 outcrop of some well defined horizon in the vicinity, and ascertain the distance of the 

 bed or mine above or below it, after making due allowance for the dip. 



There are numerous openings occurring in all the upper and middle beds of the Galena 

 limestone, none of which appear to be found regularly hi all the districts. The section 

 is, therefore, confined to the more persistent openings of the lower beds. 



Galena Limestone. 



Feet. 

 Green rock 4 



Green rock opening 3 



Green rock 12 



Brown rock 12 



Brown rock opening 5 



Brown rock 8 



Buff and Blue Limestone. 



Upper pipe clay opening 5 



Glass rock (Blue limestone) v 25 



Glass rock opening 6 



Buff limestone 12 



Lower pipe clay opening . 3 



Buff limestone 10 



St. Peters sandstone , 



BEETOWN DISTRICT. 



This is the most westerly district in which any productive mines have been worked. 

 In former years they were very productive, but have gradually become less so. There 

 are several subdistricts, of which the principal ones are Beetown, Nip-and-Tuck, Mus- 

 calunge, and Hacketts. The diggings in the immediate vicinity of Beetown are situated 

 north and east of the village, chiefly on Sees. 20 and 29 of T. 4, R. 4 W. There are 

 here on the ridge about a dozen principal old ranges, all nearly parallel, and bearing a 

 few degrees north of west. They vary from half a mile to a mile and a half in length, 

 some of them extending easterly to the Grant diggings. There are no large organized 



