72 A GLOSSARY OF GREEK BIRDS 



E (continued"}. 



Ael. xv. 19, Opp. Hal. iv. 132 ; still more loosely used in Ael. ii. 9, v. 40, 

 xii. 46, xiv. 15, c. Compare also Virgil's translation of Theocritus, 

 Ducite ab urbe domum mea carmina, ducite Daphnin. The magic 

 wheel was properly called pd/u/3or, Theocr. ii. 30, Orphic, fr. xvii 

 (Hermann) ap. Clem. Alex. Strom, p. 15. 8, Luc. D. Meretr. iv. 5, c.; 

 o-rpd(aXos, Schol. ad Synes. 361 D, Psell. in Schol. ad Orac. Chald., 

 TpoxiWoy, Tzetz. Chil. xi. 380 (trochiscilus, Apul. De Mag. xxx), cf. Clem. 

 Alex. Strom, v. 8, or PLKOS, Suid., and in Lat. rhombus. Mart. ix. 30, 

 Propert. iii. 6, 26, rota, Plaut. Cistell. ii. i. 4, or turbo, Hor. Epod. xvii. 7. 

 It was probably similar to, though not identical with, the poTrrpov, or 

 tambourine of the Corybantes, and the bird was, like that instrument, 

 associated with the worship of Rhea, Dion. De Avib. i. 23. According 

 to Marcellus in Nonn. Dionys. ix. 116, the pop.pos was (and under the 

 same name still is, in Italy) an instrument twirled round at the end of 

 a thong, which means to say, I suppose, that it was a ' bull-roarer ' ; if 

 this be so, the tvyg TTpa<vap.os was not rotated round on its own axis, 

 but spun at the end of a string, as we spin cockchafers. Concerning 

 the magic wheel, see also Selden, De Diis Syr. i. i, 33. 



The bird is represented on a vase in connexion with Dionysus, Brit. 

 Mus. Vase Cat. No. 1293 ; and the Pindaric epithet TTOIKI'XJ? has been 

 interpreted as a link in its Dionysiac character (cf. R. Brown, jun., 

 Dionys. Myth, i. 339). In this connexion the name'Ivyyiu for Dionysus 

 (Hesych.), is very interesting. Another vase (No. 1356) represents 

 Adonis holding out the bird to Aphrodite. 



wyg was also used metaphorically for love or desire, cf. Aesch. Pers. 

 989, Lye. 310 and Schol. Heliodor. iv. 15, &c. 



The ivyg in Anth. Pal. v. 205 was engraved on an amethyst, xpvcro> 

 TTotKtX&io-a, diavyeos e dp.(6v<rTov \ yXvirrr) : it is represented on a gem, 

 associated with Jason and the Golden Fleece (Imh.-Bl. and K. pi. xxi. 

 21, p. 131) probably in illustration of Find. Pyth. iv. 



According to Nicander, ap. Anton. Lib. Met. 9, one of the nine 

 Emathidae, daughters of Pierus, was metamorphosed into the bird 

 fcyf. 



The ivyg was equally sacred among the ancient Persians and Baby- 

 lonians, Marini Proclus, xxviii, cf. Hopf, Thierorakel, p. 144. See also 

 the remarkable description of the Royal Judgement-seat at Babylon, 

 Philostr. V. Apollon. i. 25, where however the precise meaning of tvyg is 

 not clear I 8iKaei p,ev df) 6 f3a.(ri\tvs eWa$a' xpixrai 8e Zvyyes aTTOKpep-avrai 

 TOV opofpov TeTrapfS, TrjV 'ASpaoTeiaj/ avro) TrapcyyvSxrai, Kai ro p.fj virep rovs 

 avBpwirovs aipeadai' ravras ol fiayoi avrot (paaiv dp/JLOTreadai, (poiTO)VTS es 

 ra /3ao-iXeia* KaXoutri 8f avras 6e>v -yXaxro-as ; cf. Creuzer, Symb. ii. 221. 



See also Pseudo-Zoroaster, fr. 54, ed. Cory. 



