14 PLANTS 



XI. Fruits 



76. Simple fruits; dry, dehiscent. 



(a) A follicle (milkweed). 



(b) A legume (bean). 



(c) A pod (Yucca). 



77. Simple fruits; dry, indehiscent. 



(a) A samara (maple). 



(b) An achene (sunflower). 



(c) A caryopsis (wheat). 



(d) A nut (oak). 



78. Simple fruits, fleshy: 



(a) A drupe (plum). 



(b) A pome (apple). 



(c) A berry (cranberry, persimmon). 



79. Aggregate fruits (Magnolia). 



80. Multiple fruits (pineapple). 



XII. Classes of Plants 



For distinguishing characters see pages 71 ff. and 101 ff. 



81. Dicotyledons. Make a list of at least ten common dicotyledonous 

 plants. 



82. Monocotyledons. Make a list of at least ten common mono- 

 cotyledonous plants. 



83. Gymnospermae. Make a list of all the kinds of Gymnosperms grow- 

 ing in your vicinity. 



84. Pteridophytes. Dig up a fern with all the roots and wash away the 

 soil. Draw to show roots, rootstock and leaves. Study the under 

 surface of a fruiting frond with the lens. 



85. Bryophytes. Musci Collect a number of kinds of moss. Find 

 plants with and without a spore capsule but otherwise alike. Draw 

 both kinds. 



86. Bryophytes. Hepaticae Collect and study liverworts as in 85. 



87. Lichenes. Collect several kinds of lichens. 



88. Algae. Collect several kinds of algae. 



89. Fungi. Collect one or more kinds of each of the following fungi: 



(a) Mushrooms, toadstools, puffballs, rusts and smuts. 



(b) Mildews, blue and green molds and black fungi. 



(c) Water molds and black molds. 



