177 



By a series of lunar observations, and of the eclipses of the satel- 

 lites of Jupiter, the mean result duly corrected, gives the longitude 

 of Bombay Church 72 54' 43" E., and of the Lighthouse 72 53' 

 36" E. of Greenwich. The mean latitude found by 32 meridional 

 observations of the sun and stars, duly corrected, was found to be 

 18 56' 7" N. for the Church, and 18 54' 25" for the Lighthouse. 



Of fJie Difference of Longitudes found by Chronometer, and by corre- 

 spondent Eclipses of the Satellites of Jupiter ; with some supple- 

 mentary Information relative to Madras, Bombay, and Canton ; as 

 also the Latitude and Longitude of Point de Galle and the Friar's 

 Hood. By J. Goldingham, Esq. F.R.S. Read June 27, 1822. 

 [Phil. Trans. 1822, p. 431.] 



The longitude of Masulipatam Flagstaff by the eclipses is 81 12' 

 33", and by the chronometer 81 12' 15", which is so close an agree- 

 ment, that the longitude of this important point of the coast may be 

 regarded as correctly determined. Mr. Goldingham then details the 

 observations by which he determined the latitude and longitude of 

 Point de Galle Flagstaff, the mean of the former being 6 0' 50" N., 

 and the latter 80 17' 2" E. ; the longitude of Canton, deduced as 

 the mean of Capt. Huddart's observations and his own, Mr. Golding- 

 ham gives as 113 18' 23" East of Greenwich. 



Obsei-vations on the Genus Planaria. By J. R. Johnson, M.D. F.R.S. 

 Read June 27, 1822. [Phil. Trans. 1822, p. 437.] 



In this paper the author confines his observations to four species 

 of the above genus, which are delineated of their natural size in an 

 annexed drawing. They are generally clustered under leaves, stones, 

 or pieces of wood, in slow streams ; they are very rapid and change- 

 able in their movements, in consequence of the annular muscles of 

 which the body consists ; their texture, however, is so soft, as not 

 to admit of accurate dissection, though the author was able to ascer- 

 tain that the body consisted of one common cavity, with lateral cells, 

 like that of the medicinal leach. In the Planaria torva, two ventral 

 apertures are particularly distinct. The upper one gives passage to 

 a long flexible tube, and the lower conducts to the ovarium ; this 

 tube they frequently project, and employ it in seizing worms and 

 aquatic insects ; they also receive their food by this organ, and not 

 exclusively by the mouth, as the author proved by presenting an 

 earth worm to one of the Planarice lactece, from which he had re- 

 moved the head ; it soon affixed itself, and became distended by food. 

 When, however, the animal is injured, or loses this tube, it then takes 

 sustenance by the mouth. Though he has repeatedly seen the young 

 of the Planaria torva and Planaria cornuta, the author has not de- 

 termined whether they are oviparous or viviparous. The Planaria 

 lactea and Planaria brunnea are oviparous, producing eggs within a 



VOL. II. N 



