66 RESOURCES OF SOUTHERN ALABAMA. 



quently swept by fire, as in the lime-sink region (and doubt- 

 less have been for thousands of years), but fire does not 

 run down hill readily, and a swamp or stream forms a 

 pretty effective barrier on the other side.* 



At the present time the pine forests have been pretty 

 thoroughly exploited for lumber and naval stores, and pres- 

 ent in most places a scene of desolation, the so-called cut- 

 over lands. But the long-leaf pine reproduces itself readily 

 when given a chance, and millions of young trees are spring- 

 ing up, to be ripe for the lumberman in another generation 

 if farmers and turpentine men do not interfere too much, 

 so that the complete exhaustion of the forests, which was 

 looked for .by some prominent writers on forestry 25 or 30 

 years ago, is not yet in sight, and the supply of timber is 

 still ample for local needs at least. 



The following list of the commoner plants is based on 

 hundreds of miles of travel by rail and on foot, at all sea- 

 sons of the year except spring, and the sequence ought to 

 be reasonably accurate: 



Commonest plants in southwestern pine hills. 



TIMBER TREES. 



Pimis palustris Long-leaf pine Uplands mostly. 



Pinus Elliottii Slash pine Swamps, ponds, savan- 

 nas, etc. 



Nyssa biflora Black gum Swamps and ponds. 



Taxodium imbricarium (Pond) cypress _ Ponds and shallow 



swamps. 



Pinus Taeda .....Short-leaf pine Richer soils. 



Quercus falcata Red oak Loamy uplands. 



Liriodendron Tulipif era. .Poplar Branch-swamps. 



Acer rubrum _ ..Red maple j Swamps. 



Magnolia grandiflora Magnolia Hammocks. 



Chamaecyparis thy- 



oides Jumper Sour swamps. 



Liquidambar Styraci- 



flua Sweet gum Richer soils. 



Pinus echinata Short-leaf pine Richer soils. 



Quercus nigra Water oak Creek swamps, etc. 



Pinus glabra Spruce pine Hammocks. 



Pinus serotina -..Black pine _ Sandy bogs, eastward. 



Quercus laurifolia Hammocks. 



Taxodium distichum Cypress River swamps. 



Fagus grandifolia Beech Hammocks. 



Quercus stellata Post oak .'. Loamy uplands. 



*For a fuller discussion of this point see Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 

 38:515-525. 1911. 



