AGRICULTURE. 129 



the pine hills is noteworthy, and indicates a condition rather 

 rare in the typical South, but common enough in the truck- 

 farming districts of New Jersey, perhaps because Euro- 

 peans are more accustomed to intensive farming than Amer- 

 icans are. 



COLOR OF FARMERS. 



The 1910 census is the only one that gives farm values 

 and related details for the two races separately by counties, 

 and even then the data are much less complete than for 

 the two races combined. Table 37 gives practically every- 

 thing of importance on this subject for southern Alabama 

 that can be extracted from the census, and from the special 

 volume on negro population published in 1918. 



White farmers naturally have larger farms and better 

 buildings and more machinery than the negroes, but the 

 latter usually have more valuable land and cultivate a larger 

 proportion of it, for the reason already indicated under ten- 

 ants. The largest holdings of white farmers are in the most 

 fertile region, where they are in the minority, while negroes 

 seem to do best in the lime-sink region, where they are least 

 numerous and therefore have the most white neighbors to 

 set them the example. (In traveling through that region 

 one cannot always distinguish a negro's house from a white 

 man's without seeing some of the occupants, but there is 

 seldom any uncertainty on that point in the western red 

 hills, except among the "mountains.") The best buildings 

 for both races are in Mobile County, on account of the influ- 

 ence of the city there. 



The average negro in this part of the world is a "one- 

 horse" farmer, and his horse is usually a mule, except in 

 the pine hills; while the white man averages about half a 

 horse and a mule besides. Among both races the mule is 

 decidedly the favorite work animal in the southeastern part 

 of the State and the horse in the southwestern (as in most 

 parts of Florida), as already observed. The white farmer 

 has over twice as many cows as his black neighbor in the 

 western red hills, and about l 1 /^ times as many in the other 

 regions. Cows are most numerous per farm in the pine 

 hills. 



5 AR 



