FROM THE PRACTICAL VIEWPOINT 



heating apparatus and that another recorder be 

 attached to the outlet pipe from the holder. This 

 latter recorder indicates whether or not any great 

 amount of heat has been lost during the holding 

 process, and also shows whether the apparatus is 

 thoroughly heated before the milk is admitted. If 

 not so heated, the first milk leaving the holder 

 will have been somewhat cooled, and the recorder 

 will indicate this. After the apparatus has been 

 in operation for a considerable time, it will then 

 acquire the temperature of the milk, which will 

 then pass out with the temperature but little di- 

 minished. These observations do not apply to a 

 tank or batch pasteurizer. In this case a single 

 recorder attached to the tank itself shows all that 

 is necessary. It also indicates the time for which 

 the milk is held at the required temperature. 



8. Pumps and Pipings. The amount of milk 

 piping in use should be reduced to the minimum 

 requirements. All piping which is used should 

 be of sanitary construction, with the joints and 

 turns so arranged that they can be easily taken 

 apart for cleaning. As before stated, the appara- 

 tus should be so arranged that the milk will flow 

 by gravity from point to point in the process of 



39 



