MANAGEMENT OF PASTURES. 93 



6 to 8 pounds per acre. Then grub with a heavy, spring-tined 

 cultivator so as to shake down the seed and loosen the sur- 

 face soil, but not destroy the tussocks. Then, if possible, 

 drive large mobs of sheep over the land thus treated so as 

 to press in the seed, and when the Cocksfoot has germinated 

 give it a good chance to become firmly rooted before turning 

 sheep on to graze it. If Cocksfoot does not succeed, Poa 

 pratensis or Creeping Bent almost surely will, but Cocksfoot 

 should be tried first. 



No runholder can have noted the heavily grazed weed 

 grasses by roadsides or sheep camps without being convinced 

 that the carrying capacity of the flatter parts of his run could 

 be doubled if an economical way of establishing such grasses 

 could be found. Burning and surface sowing fail because 

 of the thin covering of ashes, and because of the exposure 

 to drought while the young plants are establishing them- 

 selves. The light cultivation and the preservation of the 

 sheltering tussock here suggested are very hopeful means 

 of avoiding these difficulties. 



REFERENCES. 



Grass mixtures for New Zealand have been dealt with in recent 

 years chiefly by Cockayne and the Author. Cockayne's articles are in 

 the " Journal, N.Z. Department of Agriculture " in various places. 

 Among others are Bush burns, Vol. viii., No. 3 ; Surface sown grasses, 

 Vol. xiv., No. 3 ; Paspalum, Vol. xv. No. 6 and special reference is 

 due to "Transactions N.Z. Institute," Vol. 48, for an article on 

 Tussock lands. The Author's papers are mostly in the Magazine of 

 the Canterbury Agricultural College, and Cocksfoot especially is dealt 

 with in the Journal, Canterbury A. and P. Association for 1916 and 

 1917- 



[Since this work has been in the Press Cockayne has published a 

 series of articles on "The Grass Lands of New Zealand " in "The 

 Journal of Agriculture," N.Z. Department of Agriculture, March and 

 following numbers, 1918]. 



