IX. JlfALVA V CE^. X. TILIA^CE^. 63 



Branches numerous, upright, white-barked ; their general character being 

 rather fastigiate than spreading. Leaves variously lobed ; flowers axillary, 

 large, and bell-shaped. Conspicuously ornamental ; and the more valuable, 

 because it produces its flowers at a time of the year when few shrubs are 

 in bloom. It forms beautiful garden hedges ; more especially when the 

 different sorts are planted in a harmonious order of succession, according to 

 their colours ; and when the plants are not clipped, but carefully pruned with 

 the knife. In the colder parts of Britain, and in the north of Germany, few 

 ornamental shrubs better deserve being planted against a wall. It will grow- 

 in almost any soil not too wet j but, like all the -Malvaceae, seems to prefer 

 one which is sandy, deep, and rich, rather than poor. An open airy situation, 

 where it will ripen its wood, is essential. The single-flowered varieties are 

 propagated by seed, which come up true to their respective colours ; and the 

 double-flowered varieties are propagated by layers, by grafting on the common 

 sorts, and sometimes by cuttings of the ripened wood, planted in sand in 

 autumn, and covered with a hand-glass during the winter. 



ORDER X. 



OJRD. CHAR. Sepals 4 or 5, with a valvate aestivation, mostly without an invo- 

 lucre. Petals 4 or 5, or rarely not any. Stamens hypogynous, generally 

 numerous, with filaments separate, and anthers 2-celled. Mostly glands 

 between the petals and ovarium. Ovary and fruit single, of 4 10 carpels 

 grown together ; cells in the fruit, at least in some, not so many as the 

 carpels. (Lindley.} Trees and shrubs chiefly from warm climates. 



Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous ; cordate. Flowers panicled, 

 yellowish, fragrant, with an oblong bractea united to the common stalk. 

 Capsule downy. The only genus which is perfectly hardy is Tilia, ; native 

 of Europe and North America. 



GENUS I. 



Tl'LIA L. THE LIME TREE. Lin. Syst. Polyandria Monogynia. 



Identification. Lin. Gen., 660. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 512. ; Don's Mill., 1. p. 552. 



Synonymes. Line Tree, Gerard ; Lind, Anglo-Sax. ; Tilleul, Fr. ; Bast-holtz, Ger. ; Linde, Ger. 

 and Dutch ; Tiglia, Hal. ; Tilo, Span. ; Lipa, Rttss. 



Derivation. In London and Wise's Retired Gardener the name of Tilia is derived from the Greek 

 word plilon, a feather, from the feathery appearance of the bracteas ; but others derive it from the 

 Greek word tilai, light bodies floating in the air like wool or feathers. Tilleul is from tattler, either 

 because the tree bears pruning well, or the wood may be easily carved. Bast-holtz is literally 

 bark wood, in allusion to the use of the bark, in forming mats. 



Gen. Char. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5. Stamens numerous, free, or some- 

 what polyadelphous. Ovary globose, villous, 1-styled, 5-celled ; cells 2- 

 ovuled. Nut coriaceous, l-celled, 1 2-seeded, from abortion. (Don's 

 Mill., i. p. 5iO.) Timber trees, with a tough fibrous bark, large deciduous 

 leaves, mellifluous flowers, and a remarkable bractea attached to the pe- 

 duncle of each of the cymes of flowers. Natives of Europe and North 

 America. 



Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous ; cordate. The species are 

 three, according to some ; and more than twice that number, according to 

 others. Our opinion is, that they may be all included under two, T. europae v a 

 and T. americana. 



1. T. EUROPE' A Z. The European, or common, Lime Tree. 



Identification. Lin. Sp. 733. ; Don's Mill., 1. p. - r >52. ; Smith's Eng. Fl., 3. p. 16. 



Synonymes. T. intermedia Dec. Prod. 1 . 513. ; or T. vulgaTis Hayne Dend. ; T. europffi^a boreilU 



